E PAYMENT HISTORY

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Computer guru  an tih mai, English computer thiam hmasa Sir Tim Berners Lee – an kum 1991 a  mipui vantlang tana World  Wide Web server hmasa ber a buatsaih kha  e-payment sulsutu pawimawh ber zinga mi kan ti lo thei lo ang. Kum 1994 khan Stanford Federal Credit Union  first financial institution  din a ni. Hei hi financial institution  zinga online internet banking services  ti thei hmasa ber a ni. Internet kaltlanga thil lei leh hralh ( Online marketing)  hmasa ber hi hriat theih chinah kum 1994  a Pizza Hut  hovin  an thil siam a hralh kha a ni.   E- Payment hmasawnna atana pawimawh tak  pakhat chu online commerce hi a ni bawk. Kum 1979 kum daih tawh khan Michael Aldrich chuan Phone call kaltlanga sumdawnna  technology a lo hmang tawh .

A tirah chuan e-payment  hi  a awlsam lo hle. Kum 1995 a din Millicent  te kha e-payment  market hmasa te an ni . Tichuan, Kum 1996 ah ECash or CyberCoin te an siamchhuak leh ta a. Hun a kal zela, smart phone  hmangtu te kan pung chho zel a, mi tam zawk ten  Computer leh  Laptop aiin Mobile phone hmanga  thil lei an duh zawk avangin  Mobile Application software pawh  an siam chhuak tam tial tial a. Khawvel pum huap in Asia khawmualpui  hi online a thil lei tam ber ram kan ni hial mai. Asia ah rau rau pawh  South Korea hi a uar ber ram an ni nghe nghe. Khawvela Mobile hmanga thil leh leh hralh  33% lai mai hi  US a mi a ni. Khawvela internet hmangtu 40% te hian  desktop, mobile, tablet leh  online hmanraw hrang hrang hmangin  bungrua  kan lei bawk.

 Online hmanga sumdawnna hi khawvela industry thang chak ber a ni . India ram bikah chuan   online  a bungraw lei leh hralh tam lamah phei chuan hmeichhia aiin mipa kan tam filawr hle. A let thum laiin kan tam a ni. Asia-Pacific region hi khawvela internet kaltlanga sumdawnna thang chak ber kan ni a, China hi an sang ber a, India pawhin china kan umpha teuh hle bawk

 Mithiam te chhut danin  chuan kum 2020 ah chuan  India rama e-payment hian US dollar tluk leh dingawn 500 lai a tlin an ring. India GDP pawh  15% lai e paymentah a luang tawh ang.

Tin, India rama internet hmangtu za a sawmnga (50%) te hian kum 2020 ah chuan e-paymnet a tan kan hmang tawh bawk ang.India mipui 90% te hian  bill pekna leh thil tul hrang hrangah  e-payment hi offline leh online in kan hmang  ang.Google leh AT Kearney chhut danin kum 2015 khan internet kaltlanga e-payment ti tu te hi  online banking  9%, Mobile Wallet 8%, Credit card 11% , Cash on delivery 57%  niin,  Kum 2020 ah ve thung chuan online banking  10%, Mobile Wallet 15%, Debit  card 17% , Cash on delivery 45% a ni tawh ang.

Nu valai zing tawngtai thupui thawh ang deuhvin,  rilrua ah  sawi tel chak riau  a lang ve tlat  vang te pawh ani ange, khawnge   E- payment   a kan luh tak tak hma in kum zabi 18 atanga vawin thlenga  India rama pawisa chungchanga thil thleng langsar zual han tarlang lawk teh ang hmiang.

 Kum zabi 18 tawp lam, kum 1700 tawp lam khan  pawisa note hi India ramah kan hmang tan.

Tin, British ho khan Kum 1773-75 daih tawh khan General bank of Bengal and Bahar an lo din tawh a,  Kum1883 khan Portuguese ho in Rupia note an lo siam daih tawh bawk.Hei hi kum 1961 thleng khan an hmang nghe nghe. Tunhma  chuan  India a pawisa note te hi Bank of England in an print thin.  Kum 1928  ah Nashik ah India ramah pawisa note printna khawl  siam a ni a, heta tang hian  pawisa notes print  zel a ni ta.  Kum 1935 kum atang khan Inda ramchhunga pawisa enkawlna hna hi RBI hnenah hlan a ni.

Kum 1938 kum khan  RBI chuan RS 10,000 note a siamchhuak a, hei hi India rama pawisa note lian ber a la ni. Kum 1949  khan India independence hnua note hmasa ber Ashoka pillar chuang pawisa note  an siam tan. Pawisa thir kan tih mai, Anna Series hi 15th August 1950 khan  India Republic  hriatreng nan India ah hman tan a ni. 

 Kum  1957 khan  chengkhat thir  hi hman tan a ni.Kum 1967 atangin  Aluminium  thir hmangin an siam a niKum 1983 atang khan India pawisa notes ah India ram hmasawnna kawng hrang hrang tilang thei milem dah tel a ni. Kum 1980 ah Scientific and economics progress symbol dah a ni.  Kum 1985 atangin RBI in Rs 500 note a siam. Kum 1996  khan vawin thlenga kan la hman  Mahatma Gandhi Series pawisa note siam a ni.  Hei vang hian   pawisa note ah Mahatma Gandhi lem kan hmu zel ta anih hi.    

Kum 1887  daih tawh khan Edward Bellamy  chuan a lehkhabu ah  khan Credit card tih tawngkam hi  thil lei nan a lo tarlang tawh. Electronics money tih tawngkam hi kum 1946 a Federal Reverse ten Telegraph kaltlanga pawisa an in thawn atang khan an lo hmang tawh bawk.

  Kum 1946 khan  Brooklyn, New yeark  a banker chuan bank card hmasa ber an hmang

Kum 1968 khan  Aumated Baggage-handling company  department head Donald Wetzel , US  chuan networked ATM  a lo ruahman tawh bawk. Kum 1974 khan Electronics Payments Association (NACHA)  din a ni. Debit card hmasa ber chu kum 1978 khan First National Bank os Seatle te chuan an hmang. Credit card hmasa ber chu  kum 1979 khan Visa chuan an hmang bawk. Tunlaia Card  kan swipe ang chi khawl an siam bawk.

Kum 1979  khan Michael Aldrich a chuan Online shopping a hmuchhuak bawk. Hei hi khawvela e-commerce hmasa ber a ni. Online a thil lei hmasa ber chu Pi Jane Snowball a ni. Kum 1984 khan  Television  kaltlangin  Tesco company atangin hmawmsawm a lei. Digital /Mobile Wallet hamsa ber chu kum 2007 khan M-PESA te chuan an siam. Digital currency hmasa ber chu Bitcoin a ni. kum 2009 khan siam a ni.

Kum 1970 atang khan Electronics  khawl hmanga pawisa che vel  verify nan magnetic band an hmang bawk.  ATM Card  leh PIN  hi  point of sale khawlah an hmang bawk.

Kum 1990 atang phei kha chuan  Point of Sale khawl hrang hrangah Chip technology an hmanga, microprocessor hmangin  information tam tak an khawlkhawm tawh a ni. Kum 2014 khan  financial transaction atan Biometric technlogy   Biometric  card  siamchhuah a ni bawk.  . Kum 2012 khan mobile payment hmang hian US dollar tluk leh dingawn 163.1  zet  a virkual tawh a ni.Tunah hian Business  hrang hrang 40% laiin e payment hi an pawm tawh.16 % te hian  kum 2015 atang khan Mobile hmanga e payment  software application an buaipui tawh bawk

Kum 2017 kan thlen meuh chuan keini mizoramah pawh Aadhaar Card hmangin pawisa kan inthawn thei tawh a nih hi. e-payment hi  eirukna leh pawisa chheprel  tih bo na atan India sorkar chuan a hmang tangkai hle. India rama pawisa tih thih ( demonitization) hmasa ber chu kum 1946 a ni. Hetah hian Rs 500, Rs1000 leh  RS 10,000 note tih thih a ni. Hemi hnu ah kum1978 ah tih thih leh a ni.Hetah hian Rs 5000 leh RS 10,000 note tih thih a ni. Tin, kan hriat theuh angin Kum 2016 kum tawp lamah Rs 500 leh Rs 1000 notes tih thih a nih  kha kan hre theuh awm e

MARK ZUCKERBERG

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Kan khawvel a inher danglam zel a, kum 2010 hnulamah phei chuan nitin deuh thaw internet  kan hmang  ta reng mai le.  A bikin facebook leh WhatsApp ngat te phei hi chu mizo society ah hrelo kan awm tawh lovang. Hetiang khawvelah kan cheng ta sa sa, tun tum chu khawvel mi maktaduai 500 chuang awlsam zawka inkawm thei tura thlunzawmna zamchhuaktu, chanchin leh ilo inhlui tawn dan thar siamchhuaktu leh keini Zofa te nunphung  hial mai pawh  min  thlakthlengtu American computer scientist,software developer, philanthropist leh khawvel social network lar ber Facebook neitu Mark Zuckerberg-a chanchin   han tarlang ve lawk teh ang.

Kum 1984  May 14 ah White Plains, New York  ah a piang.   A hming pum chu Mark Elliot Zuckerberg a ni. American  khua leh tui a ni.  A pa hming chu Edward Zuckerberga ni a, a nu hming chu Karen Kempner a ni . Apa Edward-a hi  Ha doctor  (dentist)  a ni a, a nu  hi   Rilru lam doctor (psychiatrist) a ni thung . An chhungkua hi Atheism  sakhaw vuantu te an ni.   A pianpui unau te chu Arielle Zuckerberg, Donna Zuckerberg, Randi Zuckerberg .  A naupan lai chuan a unau te nen Dobbs Ferry khua ah an cheng thin.    

Middle school a kal lai atangin  computer programming lamah a tui tawh hle a,  Kum 6 mi lek anih lai  kum 1990  daih tawh khan  Atari BASIC Programming a pa in a zir  thin.   A rilru a chak si a, thiam zung zung mai a, zawhna har tak tak a zawt reng mai bawk nen,  a pa thiamna pawhin a tlin ta ngang lo va. Computer zirtirtu Newman hnenah tution a kal ta a. Reilo te zir hnuah  ah Newman-a thiam loh thleng thleng a a zawt a, Newman-a pawhin harsa a ti thin hle.   

I SMART VE EM LE?

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

( Written  on  :9th,May 2018) 

I SMART ve em le ?  han tih tawp mai chu, I hmeltha em  tih te nen pawh a in ang lek lek mai. Chhan thiam har tak  anih rualin, ka SMART  lo ti erawh  kan vang pharh mai thei  leh lawi si. SMART tih awmzia  hre hauh lo chunga SMART a inngai tlat mi engzat tak awm ang i maw ?

Anih leh enge SMART chu ni ang le ?
SMART tih  tawngkam hmang   hmasa bertu chu George T. Doran   a ni. Management Review lehkhabu November 1981  issue ah SMART tih thumal hi a hmang. SMART lampum hi hetiang hian an dah a:- Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Timely.

Specific : Hmasawnna atan  tum mumal tak nei.

Measurable:  Hmasawn dan  hriat theih tura tehfung rintlak tha tak nei.

Assignable: Hnathawk tura  remruat thiam .Mahni duh zawng leh a rem rem ti lova, hmasawnna thlen thei  thiam thil lama rinawm taka thawk.

Realistic : Mahni thiamna leh hmanraw neih  chhawr tangkai.

Timely : A hun leh hmun dik taka   hmanrua leh thiamna hlawhtlinna rah tha nei tura hmang  thiam.

Aw le, tunah chuan  kan SMART leh SMART loh chu kan hre thei awm e.  Keini mizo ten Bible thu kai leka kohhran leh mahni duh dana Pathian thu kan kai her ang ngawt nilo hian, mi hrang hrang ten anmahni hnathawhna lama hmasawnna thlen turin  SMART tih tawngkam hi vawiin thlengin an hmang chhun zawm zel ta anih hi.