KRISMAS BAZAR   LEH ROAD SAFETY   
- Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Kum 2017 December thla a rawn inherchhuah meuh chuan   Cable TV leh zin khualzin phur motor hrang hrangah  krismas hla hrang hrang kan ngaithla leh ta rawih rawih mai. Krismas bazar turin Zawl khawpui kan pankhawm leh tan ta. Phur taka Bazar kal lam leh haw lam te, Ngaih ngam taka kawng sira kal, thu, dawr nghak leh ual au taka kawngpui mawngtam pouh khuma kawng kama thil leitu te,  hmeithai in tia tia thawmhnaw leh eichawp phur luk luk mai te leh mi hrang hrang te MASI bazar in fanghmir bu thai darh ang maiin kan khawsa nileng a. Kan lawm chhan ber Chhandamtu theih nghilh thak khawpa  KRISMAS BAZAR a kan in pangpui zial mup mup zet hi zawng  kan mizo society ah MASI ti MASI tu ava han ni chiang kher em ve aw !

He tihlai hian  Road Safety lama kan fimkhur tawk loh avanga  krismas vuakvet a  lirthei chesuala kum tin nunna hlu tak kan hloh   mai bakah hliampui kan tuar thin te hi a pawi tak zet a ni.  Hun lo tak leh  rapthlak taka thihna thlentu Motor Accident hian naupang pawisawilo tam tak fahrah ah a siam mek a,  an hmalam hun chhun eng thei hlawhtlinna ni eng zun zam chhum angin a hliah bo kumkhua thei thin. Tin, Aizawl khawpuiah pawh nunphung khaihlak khawpin traffic a zam a  Traffic ti jam thei khawpin motor kan nei ta rau rau, Motor accident kan duhlo tak zet anih chuan BPL Job card nei atanga VIP Card nei thleng kan tanrual angai niin a lang ta.A bik takin thalai 2-wheeler khalhtu te   fimkhur ang u.

Aw le, krismas vuak vet laia Motor accident laka Zoram Mipui kan him tlan nan  leh krismas damtlang taka kan hman theih nan  Safety Culture hi kan nitin chhuahvahnaah kan nunpui a tul ta hle mai. Sorkar thupek a in nghat ringawt lovin, nu leh pa ten  maihni inlum ngei ah   kan fate Road   zirtir lamah   theihtawp chhuah tlang zel ang u khai

DECEMBER LEH  KRISMAS BAZAR  
- Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei 

Kum danga kan  tih loh dan pawh ni chuang lovin, kum 2017 pawlkut thla ( December)  a rawn in herchhuah leh meuh chuan  MASI  turin zoram chhim leh hmar, chhak leh thlang atangin Zawl khawpui kan pankhawm leh tan ta sup sup mai le. Nu nau rual nen, a pui apang a lian a te in Zawlkhawpui tuallaiah kan in pangpui zial leh ta mup mup mai. Phur taka Bazar kal lam leh haw lam te, ngaih ngam taka kawngsir a kal, thu, dawr nghak leh ual au taka kawngpui mawngtam poh khuma kawng kama thil leitu te, rih hmel deuh si, mahse rit vak miah silo, hmeithai in tia tia thawmhnaw leh eichawp phur luk luk mai te  fanghmir bu thai darh ang maiin MASI bazar in kan khawsa nileng leh ta.

Zoram hmun tina Biakin lama Kohhran hrang hrang ten ran thisen luantir meuh a kan lawm, kan Lal Isua pianchampha KRISMAS hi a ropui tawh tehreng nen, kan lawm chhan ber a KRIS lai tak   Chhandamtu theihnghilh thak khawpa kan sorkarin mirethei ten khaw eng kan lo hmuha eizawnna thar kan neihna tura NLUP pawisa ngei paipawn chunga  alawmna MASI   nghakhlela KRISMAS BAZAR a kan in pangpui zial mup mup  hi  fuh chiah lo mahse,  kan mizo society ah na na chuan hman atanga tun  thlengin MASI ti MASI tu ava han ni chiang kher em ve aw ! Tuna atanga kumkhua pawhin  a la ni zel loving ti pawh sawiin a siak lo e!

Ni e, kan mizo  nunphungah   krismas bazaar hian  nuthlawi zuna uai ang maiin  kan thinlung a phuar nghet tlat mai zawng a nih hi. December thla a rawn inherchhuah meuh chuan Masi rim a nam kan ti a, Cable TV leh zin veivak chuanna motor hrang hrangah Bethlehem lam min hruai thei tur  krismas hla hrang hrang kan ngaithla leh ta rawih rawih mai. Hetihlai hian keini mipui tam zawk leh sumdawngtute hriatna thazam chuan December hming a rik rual rual hian Bethlehem lam aiin Aizawl bazaar hawitir tlat si.

Hetihlai hian Traffics police lam pawhin theih tawp chhuahin zingkar atangin nileng leh zan rei tak thlengin khawlaiah vaivut khu, meikhu leh khu chi tin an hipa, a hah pawl te hi chu an hah ngawt mai. Phung velh an sawi ang maiin Lirthei leh ke akal nitinin kan pung tial tial si a, thuampui leh kulikawn inkarah   eng hunah pawh zing kar atanga zan thlengin traffic a jam thei vek a ni ber mai. Bike chhuak thar chak ber ber pawh nei mah ila, lehpelh theih lohva kan hma a JCB emaw Tracktor emaw a kal miau si chuan JCB leh Tracktor speed a muang fan raiha kan lim puat puat a tul chang a awm ta fo mai.

Aizawl khawpui han thlirin traffic jam tireh vek khawpa kawngpui han tihzauh ngaihna a awm lo hrim hrima, tihzauh theih pawh ni ta sela, sorkar atanga sum leh pai tam tham tak kan dawng te anih loh chuan kawngkama in nei ho hian awlsam takin kan in hmun inchi khat pawh kan satthla dawn reng reng lo, kan in leh dawr sah hek ai chuan traffics te chu jam nileng thak mahse kan pawi ti lo. ADA ten an ngam zawng in ding lai, insak tur, insak mek e.t.c huaisen taka an thiat te, stay order an pe te leh cancel sak hial theih lai hian Officer lian leh politician lian thenkhat te chuan ual au takin thenawm te zing nichhuak leh tlai nitla dawng thei lo lekin in leh lo an din ve mek bawk a.

Aizawl traffic tawt lutuk tireh tur  leh  air pollution tihtlem nana lirthei khalhtu te laka thu pek hrang hrang sorkar in a siam mek  Carrage neih, kawngkama parking khap, motor hlui lutuk tihbo leh document fel fai  leh  adang tam tak te hi  Sorkar hian politician leh mi hausa te nghawng phak turin   kengkawh thei hram se aw. Mipui te pawhin kan tawrhna tur anih pawhin kan thlawp ngei ngei ang. A bik takin  Chanmari leh Sikulpuikawn main road sira nileng leh zankhua a motor  kawngkama an la park del dul lai a, traffic police in kawng sira motor park an man sangkhat lai tling tawh  lawi si te hi kawng leh lama thlir chuan a mak viau mai. Mipui leh sorkar a tanrual a ngai hle mai.

 Sawi tur tam tak a awm thei ang.  Eng pawh nise, krismas bazar hun lai taka traffic jam nasa lutuk tuartu te hi mipui   tho kan ni avangin  Hlim taka  MASI bazaar turin  theih tawkin kan phak tawk ang angin tan la zel phawt mai teh ang u. MASI BAZAR NUAM VEK U LE. 

FELIZ NAVIDAD  
 - Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Feliz Navidad  hla hi  Boney M  te hian House, Disco, R&B/ soul, Holiday, Pop music hmangin   kum 1981 khan  Boney M  Christmas Album 1981  ah an record a, a hit em em mai a.Hei hi keini mizo leh khawvel mipui ten Feliz Navidad  hla kan hriat lar berna pakhat a ni. Feliz Navidad  tih hla hi tunhma atanga vawin thlengin  krismas  hla lar ber pawl a ni. A phuahtu  sak ai mahin Boney M  krismas Album a mi hi keini mizo te chuan kan hre lar ber zawk a. A hla thu hi a tawi hle a, "Hlim leh lawm taka krismas hmang turin thinlung leh tihtakzetin  duhsakna ka hlan a che" tih chauh mai hi a ni.  

 

Feliz Navidad  tih hi spanish tawng a ni. Saptawnga  a awmzia chu "Happy Christmas"  emaw  "Merry Christmas" tihna a ni. Mizo tawng chuan  "Hlim leh lawm takin krismas  chibai le" ti a duhsakna hla a ni. Navid tih thu hi Persian ho hming,  Chanchintha thlentu (bearer of good news) emaw duhsakna sangber (best wishes)  tihna ani bawk. Tichuan, Feliz Navidad, próspero año y felicidad" tih thu hi  Spanish hoten tunhma a Krismas leh Kumthar induhsakna an in hlanna hla pakhatah an hmang chho ta zel a. Saptawng chuan "I wanna wish you a Merry Christmas from the bottom of my heart" tih a ni.

A hla thumal hrang hrang awmzia  chu:-  feliz = happy, navidad =Christmas, prospero=to prosper, ano=anus, y= and , felicidad=happiness. Tichuan, "feliz navidad, prospero ano y felicidad" tih awmzia chu "Merry Christmas, prosperous year and happiness" tih emaw,"Merry Christmas tih emaw, Prospero anus and happiness",  "Merry Christmas, prosperous year and happiness" tihna a lo ni ta nih chu.  

Feliz Navidad hla phuahtu  leh sa hmasa ber tu chu  Puerto Rican  zaithiam leh hlaphuah thiam ni bawk Jose Feliciano  a ni. Mit del a ni nghe nghe. Feliz Navidad chungchanga José Feliciano an Billboard magazine hnena a sawi dan chuan  “A tirah chuan  Spanish tawng chauhvin ka phuah a, English Radio leh TV  a an tihchhuah duh loh ka rin avangin I want to wish you a merry Christmas   tiin English in ka phuahbelh leh ta,  rin phakbakin  a lar ta a ni “ tiin a sawi.

Feliz Navidad hla hi Kum 1970 kum a Los Angeles a awmlaiin  a chhungte  New york a awm mek te tana a phuah a ni. A tirah chuan a hla thu hi Spanish tawng vek a ni. Music  hi  Rick Jarrard   an a siam thung. Nielsen SoundScan reports danin Nikum November ni 25 2016  ringawt pawh khan  Feliz Navidad hla hi copy  808,000 (Nuaih riat leh Sang riat ) lai internet kaltlanga hralh a ni. He hla phuahtu Jose Feliciano  pawh hian original version  hla hi kum 20 chuang fe mai  a sa tawh bawk a, Billboard Hot 100  zingah ah a chuang pha hial bawk. Krismas hla dang ang bawkin   khawvel zaithiam lar tak tak ten Album ah an telh teuh mai a.  A langsar zual deuh deuh te chu  :  

1.  Boney M (1981),
2. Pee Wee Herman featuring Charo (1988)
3.  Elmo featuring Rosita (1998),
4. The Three Tenors(1999), 
5. El Vez(2000)
6. Los Straitjackets (2002), 
7. Anca Parghel featuring Tudor Ionescu( 2008),
8. David Enchilada (2009), 
9. Voodoo Cow Skulls(2009), 
10. Michael Buble featuring Thalia (2011)

 Feliz Navidad hla phuahtu   Jose Feliciano khualzin kawng :
 Zaithiam leh hlaphuah thiam ni bawk Jose Feliciano hi September 8, 1945  khan Puerto Rican ah a piang a. Vanduai  thlak takin pian tirh atanga mitdel a ni. A mitdel chhan ber hi  mit lam natna "congenital glaucoma" a ni.  Feliciano  hi a naupan lai chuan mitdel rethei tak a ni. Kum 5 anihin New York ah a khawsa a. Midel schoolah a kala, mitdel ziak leh chhiar a zir a.   uerto Rican  hnam rimawi  Quarto an tih mai, music nalh dangdai tak  hi a pa unaupa atangin a zir a, hei hi khawvelin an hriatna ber pakhat a ni. Nitin hian ama roomah  darkar 14 guiter perhin a hun a hmanga,   kum 1950 kum a  rock and roll music hla a ngaithla nasa hle. New York's Greenwich Village ah tingtang perh dan danglam tak nen music lamah bul atana.  Kum 17 anihin Detroit ah  music contract a nei a, hei hi Music lama contract a neih hmasak ber a ni. Tichuan kum 17 anihin kum 1962 khan music lama eizawng turin sikul a chawlsan. Khawvel hriat hlawh a a lar chhohna tak (super star)  hi South America a show a neih atangin a ni.  Kum 1960 chho vel khan US ah a lar hle a, kum 1968 a album atihchhuah hnu phei chuan a lar zual hle a ni.  

August 1971 khan Jose Feliciano chu Detroit, Michigan ah Art zirlai hmeltha leh fel tak Susan Omillian nen an intawnga, kum  11 teh meuh an inngaihzawn hnuah kum 1982 khan an innei. Fapa pahnih Jonathan & Michael leh fanu pakhat Melissa  an nei. Feliciano  hi a fapa pahnih te nen  band an din a, Two Kids and a Blind Guy  tiin  phuah. Amah hi vocalist leh guiterist a ni a,Jonathan an  drumset a vua a,Michael an bass guiter a perh bawk. Chhungkua a music play hi nuam a ti hle thin.

He khawvelah tumahin thihna kan pumpelh thei lo, Khawvelin an theihnghilh ngai tawh loh tur, Cheo Feliciano pawh Kum 2014 April 18 Thursday , zing 4:13  khan amah chauhva   car a khalh     laiin  a conrol zo lova, vanduaithlak takin  electric ban a su hlauh mai, a chetsualna hmunah ka pawh chhawn lovin  kum 78 mi nin a boral nghal .  Puerto Rico ram lalber governor chuan  ni thum lai   ram pumhuapin vuina program puang nghala, motor khalhtu tha hnem tak in motor headlight chhi in an sun bawk. A chanchin sawi tur tam tak a awm, duh tawk phawt teh ang. 

  CHHIARTU TE ZAWNG ZAWNG TE,  feliz navidad, prospero ano y felicidad

e-BOOK   

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei  

Kum 1971 khan University of Illinois zirlai pakhat  Michael Hart chu vanneih thlak tak maiin Materials Research lab ah a duh hun hun a Xerox mainframe computer  hmang  thei turin hun an pe hlauh mai a.A duh tawkin  hnathawh nan a hmang ta a.  Hetih hun lai  hian a thlawnin an hmang thei lo a, Computer hman man hi a sang hle a.  Michael Hart   computer hman man hi pe vek dawn se a hunlai a bill an siam ang chuan  India pawisa in Rs 6500,000,000 (Cheng Nuaih 6500 lai a pek angai ang).

Michael Hart  a chuan tangkai thei ang bera hmangin  data processing atan a hmang ta a.  Declaration of Independence  chungchang thu type luh tur tam tak an pe a, theih ang angin a type lut zo vek mai a. Vanneih thlak takin a computer hman mek chu ARPAnet ( Advanced Research Project Agency Network) nen an thlunzawm  hlauh mai bawk a. ARPANET hi  Internet  hming hmasa ti ila kan hrethiam ber ang. A thu type luh tam tham tak chu internet kaltlanga chhiar theih turin a upload ta a. ARPAnet ah chuan  download theih a nih thu a puangzar ta nghala. mi paruk in an chhiar nghala . Tichuan, internet kaltlanga khawvel a ebook hmasa ber chu kum 1971 ah a lo piang ta a nih chu !

E book awmzia ber  enge ni ang le ?

E Book awm zia ber chu  electronics hmanraw hrang hrang( Mobile, Computer,tablet e.t.c)  hmanga chhiar theih tur a  lehkhabu  hrang hrang digital form a an  siam hi a ni. Entir nan  JF dictionary, Bible le hlabu  Mobile hmanga kan chhiar theih tura an dah te hi Ebook  a ni.

Ebook  hian hming pawh angah na ngiang mai, sawi dan chi hrang hrang lar zual te chu : eBooks, Ebooks, e-Books, e-journals, e-editions, digital books a ni. E- aawmzia ber chu  Electronics tihna ni ber mai. Mipui hriat thiam theih turin  "electronic version of a printed book"  tiin an sawi lar hle bawk.

Enge a tangkaina, Enga tan nge  kan hman ?:

Kan sawi tawh angin ebook hi electronics hmanraw hrang hrang( Mobile, Computer,tablet e.t.c)  hmanga chhiar theih tura buatsaih anih avangin  awlsam takin mobile leh computer hmangin kan chhiar thei a. Tunlaiah mi tam ber ten smart phone kan nei vek tawh a, khawi hmunah pawh kal ila, Mobile kan ken zel tawh avang te hian Lehkhabu hnawksak  leh  rit tak tak te ken kual ngailovin kan duh hun hunah mobile hmangin kan chhiar thei  tawh a ni.  

Tin, software hmanga lehkhabu chhiar hian tangkaina tam tak a nei. Chhun ah leh zan mil turin   kan duh angin a background color te siam rem thei a. Tin,  hawrawp kan ti lian in kan ti te thei bawk a, mit fiah lo tan pawh a awlsam hle mai bawk. Tin, ebook  thenkhat ah chuan  a chhiartu ten kan remchan ang  zawngin  kaiher thei a.  Entirnan, mit del leh khaw hmu fiah lo tan   audio kan ngaithla thei .  Ebook  thenkhat ah chuan thuziak leh milem  chauh bakah audio, video, animations leh  kan  thil dang thlunzawmna ( links) a awm thin. Animation leh Video te phei hi chu  thuziaka sawifiah theih loh  awlsam taka hriat thiam theih nan a tangkai hle   

Tin, Internet ah  lehkhabu thar lam ber ber  kan zawng zung zung thei tawh bawk. A bikin zirlai leh research bei mek te tan ebook hi a tangkai hle. Lehkhabu pangngai  kan tih mai, traditional book emaw, printed  book  a an siam kher loh  lehkhabu  tam tak a awm tawh bawk nen, internet  atangin an mamawh  ang a zawn hmuh zung zung thei bawk te hi a tangkai hle mai. Tin,  Lehkhabu pangngai a  dah theih loh, milem  fiah tha tak tak e book ah hian a awm teuh mai bawk a, heng te hlei hlei hi  zirlai tan a tangkai hle bawk.

Engtin nge ebook  kan siam theih ang ?

Ebook siam  awlsam dan ber chu  lehkhabu  computer a type luh a, mumal taka phek in dawt dan remkhawm a, a cover page  design  hnuah PDF file a lehlin (convert) mai tur a ni.Kan sawi tawh angin  ebook chu electronic version of a printed book tih a ni a, lehkhabu pangngai (Hard copy)  te hi  soft copy a lehlin  hian ebook kan siam chu a ni ber mai.Tunlai ah phei chuan lehkhabu hrim hrim hi an publish  dawnin computer a type luh vek anih avangin  Ebook siam tur hian computera a hranpa a  type luh  a ngai lem tawh lo a, awlsam takin  softcopy kan nei thei tawh bawk.

Dan naranin  Computer software  hrang hrang leh Mobile Software ten awlsam taka an chhiar theih turin PDF  file ah  siam a ni thin. E-book  tam ber hi PDF  file a siam a ni.  PDF  file kan tih mai hi Portable Document Format (PDF)  a ni.  Adobe  company siamchhuah a ni.  Tunah phei chuan PDF  mi tam berin awlsam taka kan hman theihna turin  International Organization for Standardization (ISO)  ten an enkawl nghe nghe a ni.

PDF  file  hi   Computer leh mobile software  leh hardware hrang hrang ten harsatna awm hauh lo va   awlsam taka  an chhiar theih tura ruahman anih avangin  Computer leh mobile company products hrang hrang hmangtu te tan ang khat vekin buaina awm lovin kan chhiar thei a ni.

PDF file chhiar thei turin Computer leh mobile ah Acrobat reader kan install erawh a ngai tih erawh kan hre tur a ni.Acrobat reader hi Internet atangin free download awlsam takin a zawn theih bawk.  Tin, Acrobad reader kan install  loh pawhin, tunlaiah chuan internet browser hian  PDF a chhiar thei vek tawh a, awlsam takin  PDF file kan access thei a ni.

EI ZAWNNA & KOHHRAN   

-Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Tunlai kan mizo society  kalphung ah    kohhran  hi kan dah pawimawh hle.  Nu leh pa mai bakah thalai ten  kohhran ah kan inhmang nasa hle mai. Hetih lai hian thil tha anga lang kan  tuipui tam zawk te  hi kan mamawh ber leh  min siamtha tu a ni lem lo tih erawh  kan hriat a tul hle mai. Hmasawnna kal zelah  eizawnna  pawh tun hma anga tukthuan leh zanriah chaw ei inkara zawh fel mai chi a ni tawh lo.  Hetih lai hian kohhran lamah , mi piangthar leh mi hman tlakin an daih bak , mi phur thar leh mi hman hman  inhmanna kawng inhawng khawpa tam program  a pung zel mai si. YMA thiltum, "Hun awl hman that " tih pawh zawm ngaihna awm lo khawpin mi thenkhat  te chuan  hun awl hman that tur kan nei  tawh lo chu a ni ber mai.

Kohhran a nihna pawimawh tak nei  si, hnathawhna hmuna inthlahdah tak  kan  awm teuh mai. Inkhawm  kal tlai hlau em em si, office kal tlai  pawisa miah lo te  hi khua leh tui tha an ni ngai lo. Pathian hian Biak in hung pawn lam hi chu min zui thleng lo se duh te pawh kan thahnem awm mange.  Sorkar hna kan thawh leh kan awmna kohhran kan thawh kep zel a.Chhungkaw  nu leh pa ber  zantin deuh thaw  kohhran thila mahni in lum chhuahsan reng mai te hi  kan thalai sualna bul a ni. Eizawnna  ngaih pawimawh a tul lai pawha kohhran program chhuanlama kalsan reng lo tur leh rinawm leh taima taka mahni hnathawh inzirtirna tam zawk neih hi kohhranah pawh  a tul tawh hle. 

 Hetihlai hian ringtu kan ni a, kan thlarau nun chawm tur leh intichak tawn turin kohhran hi a pawimawh avangin  kan eizawnna lam ngaihpawimawh lutuk avanga  Kohhran  kan thlahthlam chuan a pawi thui thei hle thung ang.  "Eizawnna leh Kohhran"  hi thil pawimawh tak pahnih, insubuai lo leh inhne rem taka kalkawp tur  a ni.  Pakhat zawk dah pawimawh lutukna hian pakhat zawk a tihchhiat theih avangin fimkhur taka ngaihtuah chunga kalpui a tul hle. Kan eizawnna avanga kohhran rawngbawlna  tihthuanawp a remlo ang bawkin kohhran rawngbawlna hian eizawnna a tihchhiat a rem bawk hek si loh  avangin chhungkaw nu leh pa  te hian hun bi mumal tak kan siam tur a ni.Kan eizawnna leh kohhran  ramri hi kan kham thiam  phawt chuan  kan tisual ngai lo ang. Tuna kan Kohhran program  neih lai  mek te  tibuailo turin  eizawnna lamah kan in control dawn nge,  Kan eizawnna tichhe lo turin  kohhran program te hi kan  control zawk dawn?  Kan eizawnna leh kohhran  ramri hi engtinnge kan kham ang?  Mahni in en let theuh ang u.

GOOGLE  - I’m feeling lucky

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Khawvel computer  history a kan theihnghilh leh ngai tawh loh tur,  internet  searching engine lian tak leh social network zinga lar tak, kum 2010 chho vel atanga vawin thlenga a mizo thalai ten kan lawm em em, WhatsApp Messenger  neitu  leh email  domain lar tak mai GMAIL  siamtu   ni bawk, hei mai bakah Computer khawvela  sulsutu ber, Microsoft company hial  rawn khum thuak thuak theitu GOOGLE hi internet khawvelah chuan hre lo kan awm lovang.

Google  hi Larry Page leh  Sergey Brin  a te siamchhuah a ni a, anni hi Google founders tiin an vuah nghe nghe. Google pianchhuah dan chu hetiang deuh hi a ni. Google dintu ber  Larry Page leh  Sergey Brin   te  in hmuhna hmasa ber chu  Kum 1995 nipui lai kha a ni a, hemi te pahnih hi   search engine  lamah an tui dun hle mai a. Tichuan,kum 1996 January thla khan  search engine an siam chhuak a, a hmingah BackRub tiin an phuah a. He search engine hian   technology thar  PageRank hmangin  internet website hrang hranga  thu mal leh webpage a zawng hmu zung zung thei a ni. Google siam nan hian JavaScript, Python, C, C++    an hmang a ni.

Tichuan,  Google tiin a hming an thlak leh ta a.   Kum  1997 september ni 15 khan  tuna kan hriat lar em em, www.google.com  Web domain  hi  an register  a ni.  Technical lam thil endik ngai te an endika  an verify leh vek hnuah kum  1998 september ni 27  khan  business atana a duh apiang hman theih turin official takin an tlangzarh ta a  ni. Tichuan, vawiin thlengin khawvel hmun hrang hrangah september  ni 17  hian Google birthday an lawm thin.

Mak leh nuihzat thlak ve tak mai chu  a tirah tak chuan an company hming hi  GOOGOL tiin an phuaha, Internet khawvela  information   hrang hrang  awmze nei taka  dahkhawm  leh awlsam taka  tupawhin kan zawn hmuh zung zung theih nana   buatsaih a ni. GOOGOL  tia  an phuah hnuah registration  tih laiin   GOOGLE tiin  an lo ziak sual hlauh pek a nih chu ! Registration  card  leh check an han dawn meuh chuan GOOGLE tih a lo inziak vek mai a,  nui  hawk hawk chungin  GOOGLE tih hming chu an hmang hlen ta a ni.

Google home page  a Im feeling lucky button hming hi holywood  cowboy film star lar tak,   Clint Eastwood   a  channa  Dirty harry  film  a an inbiakna tawngkam "Do you feel lucky, punk? Well, do you?"  tih atanga  lak a ni. Search button pangai hmanga thil kan zawn reng reng hian  Google chuan  website hrang hrang a tlawh vek phawta, heng atang te hian kan thil zawn duh nena in mil thei tur zawng zawng a rawn tilang thin. Hei hian hun a duh rei thin hle. Hei mai bakah a chang chuan kan thil duh nen a inperhsan hle thin a ni.

            Aw le,Search button pangngai click lova, Im feeling lucky button hi kan click chuan  rang zawkin kan thil zawn duh kan hmu thei a ni.  tin, kan hriat tur chu  he Im feeling lucky button hmang tur hian Instant Search hi  switched off  tur a ni. He button tangkaina em em pakhat chu  web address emaw thil engpawh zawng ila,  google in kan thil zawn duh nena inmil ber tur  a  hmuh hmasak ber kha  a rawn tilang anga,  lo thil dang zawng zawng te chu a kal kan vek ang. Kan vanneih phei chuan rang takin vawi khat zawnna ah kan duh kan hmu thei mai dawn a ni. A bik takin website emaw, mi tu emaw , sumdawnna thil a company products   ang thil kan zawn dawn hian Im feeling lucky button hman hi a tangkai thin hle.

Tin, Im feeling lucky  tih thu bakah hian google hian Im feeling  tih thu hmang hian thu dang eng engemaw  an siam nual maia, heng ho hian website  dang daih ah min luhpui thei zu nia. Hetiang   langsar zual leh  min luhpuina website te han tarlang leh lawk ila :

I'm Feeling Stellar   :  Google Earth Hubble telescope image gallery

I'm Feeling Puzzled : Google A Day search-based puzzle.

I'm Feeling Trendy  : Hot Searches page.

I'm Feeling Artistic  : Google Art Project site.

I'm Feeling Hungry  : restaurants lam hawi web page

I'm Feeling Playful  : interactive Google Doodles gallery.

I'm Feeling Doodley gallery :  full gallery of Google Doodles.

I'm Feeling Wonderful :  Google World Wonders project.

Aw le, Im feeling lucky button  hmanga kan thil tih theih tangkai tak leh  mak ang reng si te han sawi leh lawk ang u hmiang. Google home page ah khan  MZU  tih type la, Im feeling lucky button han click leh la, direct in mizoram university website ah i lut nghal ang. Tin, VANGLAINI tih han type leh la, vanglaini website ah i lut leh nghal ang. Hetiang hian department , hotel, state, NGO, mimal leh  company hming ang chi te hi han type la, Im feeling lucky button han click la, awlsam takin an mahni website home page ah i lut thei ang. Amaherawh chu hming lam tawi awmze pakhat aia tam nei thei ang chi ah chuan a buaithlak duh deuh. Entirnan MBSE (Mizoram Board of School Examination ) leh MPSC ( Mizoram Public Service Commision )  te hian  India emaw khawvel huapah lampum dang daih (  MPSC  chu Maharashtra Public Service Commission a ni daih thei ang hian ) an neih theih avang hian kan duh website ah lut lovin website dang daih ah a lut thei tih erawh kan hriat a tha.

A tawp berah chuan Google Im feeling lucky  button hmanga  thil dangdai tak kan tih theih  han tarlang leh lawk ang hmiang.

Google Gravity : google logo leh textbox kha  screen hnuailamah an tla thla ang.

Google Pond : google logo leh text box kha tuia awm angin an lang ang.

Do A Barrel Roll : Hei hian google home page a herkual ang

Lelte chanchinbu in chhawp la,  Google home page (www.google.co.in ) ah han lut la, Search text box ah khan  heng hnuai a mi te hi  a mal te te in han type lut la, Im feeling lucky button kha han click leh la, enge rawn lang han thlir teh le. Who is the cutest, How to handle wife, Hacker, Google Hacker, Pirate, Annoying Google, Rainbow Google, Google Sphere, Epic Google.

Aw le, sawi tur a tam hle nachungin   sawi vek sen a ni silo va, hmm..hmm.. famkim lo takin kan hriat tura pawimawh awm deuh deuh kan han tarlang thuak thuak a nih ber hi maw. Tuna i han chhiar te hi  tangkai takin hman han tum phawt mai teh aw.

COMPUTER KHAWVEL -  THE BLISS                        Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Windows XP default Wall paper , Windows XP  desktop a tlang mawi tak  leh hring dup mai hi  Computer hmangtu te chuan kan hre theuh awm e.. He tlang hi  a lem nilo, a tak tak thlalak a nia, he thlalatu hi American photographer lar tak  Charles O’Rear –a a ni. Windows XP    pian hma daih kum 1996 khan  he thla hi a la a ni.   He tlang  hi han en chiang la,  phul hringdup in a tuam a, chung lam van pawl ruih kara  chhum var pan tak  han zam vel te hi a mawi dang dai teh a nia. He Windows XP wall paper  hi BLISS tiin an vuah nghe nghe.  

Bliss hi  June 24, 1996  khan  digital-design company HighTurn  atan  Charles O'Rear  a chuan thla a la a. Bliss  hi 3101 Fremont Dr. (Sonoma Hwy.), Sonoma Valley, Callifornia USA a awm a ni a, Geographical  coordinates  chu  e 38.250124,-122.410817  a ni. Charles O'Rear hi hetih hun lai hian National Geographic photographer a ni a, St. Helena, Napa County ah a cheng a ni. 

Kum 2001 a Windows XP  version hmasa ber an release khan he thlalak hi microsoft  company chuan  Wall paper atan an telh a. Tichuan,  Windows XP wall paper tinah vawiin thlengin kan hmang lar ta anih hi. Mak ang reng tak chu, Charles O'Rear a khan kum 1996 kumah he ramthla hi a la a, miten helai hmun hi an tlawh chak phah em em a, khual zin pawh a hip hle mai.  November 27, 2006 khan  Goldin Senneby  a chuan he Bliss awmna  Sonoma Valley hi  a tlawh a,  Charles O'Rear  a thlalakna hmun a tang chiah chiahin thla an la leh a, phul a lo ro bawk nen  thlalak a in thlau khawp mai.

Microsoft company chuan  he ram thla hi Dutch Windows XP version ah chuan Ireland tiin a hming an phuah. Tin,  Portuguese Windows XP version ah chuan Alentejo tiin a hming an phuah leh bawk. Heng hming te hi  customer tih lawm tumna maia  an ram hming chawia phuah leh chhawn anih laiin  Dutch  leh Portuguese mi tam tak chuan  he tlang hi an ramchhunga awm anih an ring a, vawiin thlengin ngaihdan a phir hle a ni. He ram awmna ni awm a mi thenkhat rin langsar zual te chu New Zealand, IRC, California, South West Kerry, Eire a ni mahse, a awmna dik tak chu San Francisco atanga Hmarlam 30 miles  a hla  Sonoma County, California State, USA  ah  a ni.

Tin, Mi tam tak chuan hetiang hmun mawi hi a tak takah a awm ring lovin siam danglam hnu a XP wall paper a dah niin ngai mahse, a he thla latu ngei amah  Charles O'Rear a sawi danin  he ramthla hi computer software hmanga pakhat mah tihdanglam a awm lova,  tuna kan hmuh ang hi a landan dik tak a ni a ti. Ama sawi zel danin  he ramthla hi  keni in kan hmuh theih loh  a hmalam kawngpui atanga lak  a ni. he tlang bulah hian Wine siamna atan grapevine tam tak a awm a, hemi thla la tura kal ani a, amaherawh chu hetih hunlai hian  Vines hi a rem lai tak anih avangin  he ramthla hi a la ta zawk a ni.

He thlalak chungchanga  O'Rear sawi dan in Napa leh san Francisco  inkar hi vawi duailo  a lo paltlang thin a,  phul hring dup  mai chunga California van dum pawl ruih mai chhum pan diar diarin a han tuam vel te  a hmuh chuan  motor atanga chhukin  National Geographic atan he thlalak hi a la ta a ni. Daily Mail chanchinbu  chuan he thlalak hi  khawvela  thlalak  entu ngah ber a ni tiin a sawi. Computer  hmangtu mi maktaduai tel zet ten Windows XP  an han  start  a an hmuh ngei ngei thin  he Windows XP  “Bliss “ wall paper   thlalak hian  sawi a hlawh malh malh hle mai.

Microsoft Windows XP  Wall papper a an lo hman dan hriat chakin mi tam tak chuan Microsoft  a thawk te leh amah  Chuck O'Rear zawhna an zawt nasa hle. Microsoft Windows XP  atana he thlalak an hman dan tlang pui chu hetiang deuh hi a  ni.  Microsoft  company hian   Windows XP  vawrh lar nan   sum thahnem tak  dollar 200 milion zet mai  budget head hrang hrang neiin an siam a,  he pawisa  atang hian   thalak leh milem  atan hrim hrim  budget an nei nual bawk.  Windows XP an release hma hian  advertisement atan a  tha tur  thlalak leh  Audio clip hrang hrang an khawn khawm a.  Kan hriat theuh angin  Windows XP  kan han start a  rimawi  nalh tak kan hriat pawh hi zaithiam chuai theilo Madonna  hla  "Ray of Light"  a mi a ni. Thlalak hrang hrang dahkhawmna Corbis photo archives atanga  Microsoft  a thawk ten  Chuck O'Rear  ramthla  thlalak  an han hmuh hian  Microsoft  windows XP  vawrh lar nan an duh  hle mai a, Chuck O'Rear – a agent an be ta a. Tichuan,  O’ Rear  a sawi danin Microsoft engineers te chuan he thlalak hi Windows XP  wall paper atan  an lei sak a, an leina sum tam lam erawh chu  puangchhuak lo turin an inrem siam a ni. Mi thenkhat sawi dan chuan khawvela thlalak man to ber dawttu a ni hian ang an ti. 

Aw le, hetiang khawpa thlalak mawi leh entu ngah  hi computer khawvelah a la awm ngai lo a, nitin mai hian khawvel hmun hrang hranga   Microsoft Windows XP hmangtu mi maktaduai tel zet mai te chuan nitin he thlalak hi  an hmu   ta reng mai anih hi. Hetih lai hian  Chuck O'Rear  ve thung chuan  Microsoft Windows XP hmang lo in Mac  computer  a hmang daih thung.  Hei vang  hian khawvel hmun hrang hranga   computer  hmangtu, nitin mai he ramthla  thlalak  mawi tak thlirtu mi maktaduai tel zet mai  zingah thla latu ber te Chuck O'Rear   erawh a tel ve lo  a ni. 

Windows XP chung chang han sawi takah chuan khawnge  tlem han tuihnih leh lawk teh ang. Windows XP  release hmasakber  chu August 24, 2001 daih tawh kha a ni.  mipui ten kan lei ve theih  hmasak ber chu October 25, 2001 kha ani thung. Windows XP  an siam  hma hian Windows 2000 (2000) leh Windows ME (2000) an siam a,  Windows XP lamah kum 7 dawn lai hun an hman hnu in kum 2007 khan Windows Vista (2007) chu release a ni leh ta. hetianga  Windows version thar a chhuah takah chuan microsoft ho pawhin XP ringawtah rilru pe lovin VISTA lamah an hun tam zawk an seng ta a. hetih lai hian XP  hmangtu an la pun zel si avangin microsoft company te chuan  mipui mamawhna phuhruk turin   XP Service Pack 3  nen  windows XP version thar  April 21, 2008 khan an release veleh ta. Hei hi Xp version an release hnuhnung ber a lo a ni ta. Computer software khawvelah intlansiakna a sang chho zel a, microsoft ho pawhin Windows 7 leh  Windows 8 an rawn ruahman chho ta zel a, heibakah  smart phone  atan Operating System leh Application software  pawh an siamchhuak ta zel a ni.

Mak tak mai chu,windows XP project tih tawp tumin  Wondows 7 leh Windows 8  han siam mahse, Windows XP hian mipui lawm hlawh hle ni tur a ni, vawin thlengin      khawvel hmun hrang hrangah    Windows XP   hmang duh zawk kan la tam mai zu nia. Heivang hian microsoft pawhin  Windows XP chu an thlauh thla thei lova,  April 14, 2009  thleng khan Windows XP Mainstream support  an la pe reng a Tin, Windows XP with Service Pack 3  leh  Windows XP x64 Edition with Service Pack 2 atan April 8, 2014  5 thleng Extended support an pe ang. Hei bakah  Windows XP Embedded  system atan January 12, 2016 thleng  Extended support  an pe dawn bawk a ni. Hun leh ni te lo inher liam zel in ,  Windows version  thar   siam chhuah ni mahse, kan chenna planet  a thlalak  lar ber pawl BLISS  hi  khawvela computer hmangtu te mit thlaah a cham reng tawh dawn a ni.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LEH TUNLAI MIZO THALAI TE

  Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei,  

 

Information Technology, IT  ti a kan sawi mai thin hi  Computer leh electronics khawvel a networking, hardware, software, Internet  leh  electronics bungrua hrang hrang  siam dan,  hman dan  leh hmasawnna  sawina a ni.IT hian office automation, multimedia leh telecommunications te a huam bawk  Information Technology hiana huam zau em avangin  sawi vek sen a nil ova, ngaihthlak vek peih pawh a ni lovang. Chuvangin, tun tumah hian Information Technology khawvela keini mizo thalai ten kan hriatlar leh a tak ngei a kan nunpui mek Social networking, Mobile , Cybercrime, IT Education leh

E –governance  chungchang  kan thlur  ang.

Awle, Tunlaiin khawvel ram hrang hrang te’n an ram tih hmasawn zelna atan Information Technology hi hmanrua atan an hmang nasa tih chu haider rual a ni ta lo. India ram Sorkar pawhin nasa taka hma lain kum 2008 daih tawh ah khan  khawvela ‘IT Super Power’ nih a tum  hial anih kha.  India mi tawh phawt chu Computer thiam turah khawvel mite’n min lo ngai ta hial a ni. Chuvangin keini mizo thalai tan pawh Information Technology hi kan nunkawng hruaitu pawimawh em em a lo ni ta. 

Indian Talent + Information Technology= India Tomorrow               (Gujarat CM)

UNIT  1 : SOCIAL NETWORK  LEH THALAITE

SOCIAL NETWORK  HI ENGE NI ?

Social network chu Social network websites kaltlanga khawvel hmun hrang hranga mite kan inthlunzawm a,  hmun leh hmun a  awm ho ang maia  thian hrang hrang kan insiam theihna, kan inkawm khawmna, chanchinthar, thu leh hla, Advertisement, document pawimawh, thlalak, video, invitation Card e.tc   kan inthawnna   te  hi a ni.

SOCIAL NETWORK WEBSITE HI ENGE NI ?

Social network  website  chu Social networking tan bik liau liauva siam websites te hi an ni. Tunah hian facebook hi Social network website  lar ber  a ni a, Social network dang te chu MySpace, Google,  Orkuts, twitter, Linkedin, yahoo e.t.c te an ni. E-Governance hlawhtlin nana Social network  websites te hi  tangkai zawka hman hi sorkar pawhin ngai pawimawh hle tawh a ni.Social network website hmanna hlawm lian deuh te:

1. Thian insiamna leh inkawmkhawmna.
2. Thlalak phochhuahna
3. Political  discussion
4. Education & hnazawnna
5. Sorkar  thil pawimawh buaipuina  

SOCIAL NETWORK  KAN HMAN THEIHNA LANGSAR ZUAL TE :

1. Sorkar leh mipui  thlunzawmtu  :

Sorkar leh mipui mai bakah sorkar  leh  sorkar hna peng hrang hrang thawktu te hnenah  inbiak pawh tawnna kawngka zau tak a hawng  thei a ni. Inkaihhruina dan fel tak hnuaiah Sorkar  hmalakna hrang hrang leh  mipuite hriat atana pawimawh  ziahna documents hrang hrang awlsam takin mipui ten kan en theih phah dawn bawk a ni.Hlawk  zawk leh  awlsam zawka sorkarin hna a thawh theih nan social network hian sorkar chu mipui te hnenah a pawt hnai anga, sorkar dawr tura mipui te va kal tawh lovin kan  hnenah sorkar a rawn kal tawh zawk dawn a ni.

2. Political Issues

Political  party manifesto zirchianna leh  mipui hnena puanzarna atan  social network hi a tangkai zual zel dawn a ni. Ramchangkangah chuan Social network hmang hian  Cyber Arena ( internet kaltlanga inchaltauhna hmun )  an  siama, Election campaign na hmun pawimawh takah sorkarin a hmang thin.

3. e-Participation :

e participation hi e governance thil tum pawimawh tak a ni. network tangkaina  pawimawh tak zing a mi a ni. A hmuna kal kher lova kan telve theihna tura internet  kaltlanga  sorkar, NGO  leh   Sumdawnna lam a meeting  leh thupawimawh sawikhawmna  a kan telve na hi a ni . Keini pawh hian  kan duh phawt chuan kan siam thei a, nakin lawkah chuan  sorkar department leh political party ten kaihruaina mumal tak nen Cyber arena hi kan la siam ngei a rinawm. 

4.Social Platform & citizen Interconnectivity

Social network  hmang hian   kan inkawm khawm thei a, thu pawimawh leh ti ti hrang  hrang  kan sawi ho thei. Mahni awmna hmunah  hmun leh hmuna inkawm khawm ang maia platform min siam sak theih avang hian  social network   hi khua leh tui  min thlunzawmtu leh  min phuar khawmtu pawimawh tak a ni.

2. e- Education

 Social networking  hmangin zirlai ten Group an siam thei a, zirlai  leh zirtirtu te nen  zirlai subject hrang hrang an sawi ho thei a ni.Tin, zirtirtu tello pawhin zirlai ten Assignment, Homework leh  zirlai kaihhnawih pawimawh hrang hrang an sawi khawm thei bawk.

5. Information delivery Outlets

Sorkar in leh mipui kan indawr tawn theihna atan leh Mipui te hriat tur atana sorkar in a duh  social network hmangin kan pho chhuak thei.Social network  hmang hian  pawl hrang hrang Kohhran, YMA, political party, Zirlai, sorkar hnathawk, sumdawng etc tan hian group  awmze nei tak kan siam thei. Pawl hmalakna, committee kohna, agenda, finance report  leh meeting minute hrang hrang kan tarlang thei. Sorkar leh Pawl hmalak mekna leh hmachhawp te uar takin kan tarlang thei bawk.

6. e-Advertisement

Sorkar leh mimal sumdawngtu ten Advertisement phochhuah na atan  social network hi an tangkai hle mai bawk.

7. E Clinic:

Social network kaltlang hian a hmun khera kal ngai lovin doctor kan rawn thei a, doctor rawn hun, leh rawn hun rei zawng  mumal tak bithliahin  awlsam zawk leh sum seng tlem zawkin damdawi kan kai thei a ni. Kan natna engkim kichang takin kan sawi thei a, doctor ten an hunawlah uluk takin a lo zir chiang thei bawk ang. 

SOCIAL NETWORK CHUNGCHANGA  SORKAR LEH MIPUI TE MAWHPHURHNA

1. Social media policy tha tak sorkar in a duangchhuak tur a ni ( E- Readiness) : Democracy  kan nih miau avangin social media kaltlanga sorkar a kan lungawilohna te, sorkar hmalakna kawng hrang hranga kan duhkhawp lohna te  mipui ten kan sawi thei a, heivang hian  mipui te huapzo ni thei turin sorkar tha chuan mipui te tan Social media policy  uluk takin a duang anga,  uluk takin mipui te mamawh phuhruk turin ruahmanna te hi a ennawn fo tur a ni. Tin, keini a hamngtu te pawhin  awmze nei takin, inbuatsaihna fel tak kan nei tur a ni.

 2.Sorkar leh khua leh tui ten kan rilru leh nundan kalphung kan herrem tur a ni

(Change Mangement ) : e -governance hnuaiah chuan keini mipui te hi  cyber citizen kan ni a, khua leh tui tha ni zel turin social network  kan hmang tangkai tur a ni.  Heivang hian kan nunphung leh hnathawh kalphung  IT lama herrem thei tura tan lak  hi keini democracy mipui te hian kan mawhphurhnaah kan nei tur a ni.Tin, Sorkar hian  ruahmanna mumal leh fel tak nen social media policies a duan a tul a, Social network kaltlanga sorkar kan dawr leh ngaihdan kan sawi reng rengin fimkhur tak leh thuhnu dawn takin thil kan ti tur a ni.

3.A tha leh tangkai zawnga social network kan hmang tur a ni : Social network hi khandaih hriam tawn ang maia thilti thei anih avangin  a fawnga  vawna tangkai taka kan hman loh chuan mualphona tlangah min khengbetin  zahna kawr ruam thuk takah min vawrh thla thei tih i hre reng ang u. Keini thalai te hian IT hmanrua changkang  tak tak  pawh hmang ila  kan zahawmna leh  himna tichhe hial khawpa kan leklam chuan  hmasawn lam aiin tlakchhiatna  lam kan pan thei a, mite ngaihsan aiin ngaihnep kan ni thei bawk.Hawh u,mizo thalai te hian kan phak tawk ang zelin  Social network  hi  tun aia tangkai leh hlawk zawk hian  i hmang hram hramg ang u. Hetianga kan nunphung  kan in her rem phawt chuan  sorkar leh mipui, sorkar leh sorkar, sorkar leh sumdawngtu te, sorkar leh chanchinbu mi, chanchinbu mi leh mipui te tan social network hi a tangkai zual zel ngei ang le.

           

UNIT  2 :  MOBILE  PHONE  CHUNGCHANG

Khawvela mobile phone hmasaber  chu Motorola  company  siam  DynaTAc mobile phones a ni a, Motorola  DynaTAc mobile phones  hi  pound 2 zeta rit,  Brick  tia zet maia lian ani a, a battery  charge  full nan hian darkar 10 zet a ngai a,  hei hian minute 30 chauh a daih  leh nghal. a siamchhuak tu chu Martin Cooper-a  aa ni.  Amah hi Motorola company tana research  ti lai mek a ni. Khawvela Mobile phone  hmanga inbiakna hmasa ber Kum 1973  April 3 kha a ni. Hemi ni hian  Martin Cooper-a chuan  ama siam chhuah, khawvela mobile phone hmasaber, DynaTAc mobile phones hmangin  Bell laboratory  a phone a , a thusawi chu "I'm ringing you just to see if my call sounds good at your end."( Nangmahni lamah khan ka tawng ri hi a fiah that leh that loh hriat nan ka rawn call  che u a nia ) tih mai a ni.

Khawvela SMS   hmasa ber  chu  “ Merry Christmas “ tih thu hi  a ni. Khawvela SMS hmasa ber thawhtu hi kum 22 a upa, Software programmer ni bawk Neil Papworth-a  a ni.   “ Merry Christmas “ tih thu hi  computer atangin a thianpa Richard Jarvis-a Vodafone  ah  december 3, 1992 khan a thawn a ni.Mobile phone atanga mobile phone danga SMS  hmasa ber chu kum 1993 khan Finland  ram ah thawn chhuah a ni bawk.

 

Mobile phone  hmanga  thla latu hmasa ber chu  Philippe Kahn-a a ni. kum 1997 khan  a fanu piang hlim thla  damdawiinah a la a, hei hi mobile hmanga thlalak hmasa ber a ni. Tin, Kahn-a hi  Khawvela  camera phone siamtu hmasa ber a ni . Tin, Khawvela Mobile phone camera  nei  hmasa ber mipui ten kan lei theih turin  Kum 2000 November thla khan Sharp Company chuan  Japan ramah an siamchhuak a.  He mobile  hi Sharp J-SH04 tiin an vuah a, he phone camera hian  110,000 pixels resolution a  nei .

Khawvel hmun hrang hranga  Mobile neitu ten kan mobile phone kan hmanna common ber chu  Phone call emaw SMS thawn emaw ni lovin, Dar engzat nge tih hriatna a ni e an tih tlat chu maw le ! 

Tin, Khawvela tooth brush an hralh chhuah aiin Mobile an hralhchhuah hi zu tam daih zawk a. mi thiam te chuan  khawvel mipui te  hian tooth brush aiin mobile an ngai pawimawh zawk niin an sawi bawk. Khawvelah hian  6.8 billion  mipui kan awm a, 4200 million chauhvin tooth brush kan neih laiin 5.1 billion ten mobile kan nei thung.  Tooth brush nei aiin mobile nei kan tam zawk anih chu.

Mobile phone  hian electromagnetic waves  a pe chhuak reng ,  heng wave hian  feet 20 a hla thleng a khawihbuai thei. Kan thluak hian  kan beng dinglam a hnaih zawk avangin Mobile kan hman reng rengin kan beng veilamah kan hmang tur a  ni tiin mithiam ten an sawi

Tunah hian    khawvela  Industry  thang chak ber chu mobile phone industry  hi a ni. Tin, Nokia 1100  hi khawvela  Mobile phone  model hralh hnem ber a ni. Nokia 1100 hi Finland atanga siamchhuah a nia, 250 Million aia tam daih an hralh chhuak a,  electrical gadget top–selling  awm tawh zawng zawngah  hralh hnem ber ala ni.

Tunlaia kan hman lai mek Mobile phone changkang tak tak Smart Phone kan tih  mai ho hi  kan hre theuh awm e. Khawvela Smart phone hmasa ber siamtu chu BellSouth Cellular company a ni. kum 1993 khan  Florida Wireless World Conference ah tlangzarh a ni.  A hming ah Simon tiin an vuah a,  a design tu hi IBM ( International bussiness Machine )  ani.

           

MOBILE PHONE LAMA MIZORAM DINHMUN

Kum 2011 February thla  daih tawh khan Mizoram ah Mobile Phone hmangtu 508,439 an chuang tawh a chhut a ni. Kum 2011 Statistic Abstract in a tarlan dan chuan Mizorama Mobile pe chhuaktu te zingah Airtel chu Subscriber ngah ber niin 197,310. an nei. Reliance in dawt in 134,836 ; BSNL 90,293 ; Aircel-86,000 an za vai a belh khawm hian Mobile Phone Subscriber zat chu 508,439 ani. ni.

                                                                                                      

Mizoramah kum 2012 March thla thleng khan mobile phone connection 7,01,959 a awm niin tun tum Assembly House-a pharh tak ‘Mizoram Economic Survey 2012-2013’ chuan a tarlang a. Mizoram mipui  zawng zawng 10,91,014 atanga chhut -in 64.34% in mobile phone an nei tihna niin, mi pathum awmkhawm zingah pahnihin mobile phone nei zel ang an ni. Mizoramah Mobile Tower 514 a awm  a ni

Tunah hian August, 2013 a thleng leh tawh a, tuna a thanna rate anga thang tura chhut hian mobile phone nei 8,51,664 awm tura ngaih theih a ni a, hemi ang hian Mizoram mipui 78.06% ten mobile phone an nei tawh tura ngaih a ni.Heng connection neitu zingah hian hmang tawh lo an awm thei a,  chuvangin thla khatah bill atan a tlem thei ang bera chhutin Rs. 200 theuh pawh chawi ila, mobile phone bill atana thla khata Mizoram sum hman chu 14,03,91,800 (vaibelchhe 14.03) zet a tling tihna a ni.

Heng tehcnology hmang hian mi tam takin research beiin, thiamna sang zawk leh ropui zawk an khum mek a. Hetih rual hian mi thenkhat erawh chuan mahni leh midang intihmualphona atan te, thu dik lo leh maksak vawrhdarh nan te, mi nupa leh chhungkaw tihbuai nan te, mia harsatna siam nan te an hmang ve mek. Tumah inkhap sen a ni lo va, Chuvangin technology thar kan hman dan hi uluk lehzuala kan chik a, kan fimkhur a ngai hle a ni tih hi mimal tinten kan hriat a pawimawh a ni.

UNIT  3 : CYBER CRIME LEH  THALAI TE                           

Cyber Crime awmzia chu Information technology khawvela   hmanraw hrang hrang  Computer, Mobile  leh   network  kaihhnawih  hmanraw hrang hrang hmanga thil sual tihna zawng zawng  hi a ni.Tin,  Mobile , Television leh Internet kaltlanga  thilsual tih  ang chi zawng zawng a huam bawk.

Awle, kum 2013 kum  tawp lam  Pathian zarah kan chuangchhuak ve leh ta hlawl mai.  Mizo thalai  lehkha thiam chin ten  Information technology kan hmang thiam tan dawn  chauh emaw kan tihlaiin chanchinbu leh media hrang hrangah  Cyber crime chungchang kan hmu in kan chhiar zing ta malh malh hle mai. Mizoram police ten theih tawp chhuahin Cyber khawvelah hnuchhui hna an thawk mek bawk tih te hial kan hre leh zel bawk a,  Tunlai Cyber khawvelah hian mi tupawh a tuartu kan nih theih tawh avangin kan fimkhur tlan a tul tak zet zet a ni. 

CYBER CRIME LAKA FIMKHUR A NGAIHNA  LANGSAR TE

Computer hmang thinte tan:

1. computer hi ‘password’ hmangin i venghim ngei ngei tur a ni a, midangin an duh hun apiangin an hawng thei tur a ni lo. I private data an lo ru chhuak palh thei . Computer-a file i delete tawh hi a thiam tan chuan ‘recover’ leh theih a ni tih hriat tur a ni
2. Public computer (cyber café etc) ah private data leh midang hriat atana i duhloh ang chi reng reng chu dah loh tur a ni .
3. Antivirus tha tak hmang la, update reng thin ang che .Pen drive i hman reng rengin i computer-ah virus a luh loh nan fimkhur ang che
4. Virus executable file hi folder icon angin an awm ve thin a, folder emaw tia hawn dawn chiah hian virus kha a lo run thin a ni2 (e.g., new folder.exe)
5. computer-ah nangma personal codes (passwords etc) i dah tur a nilo, i thinlungah i vawng reng tur a ni

Mobile phone hmangtute tan:

1. I mobile phone kha zahmawh rawngkai thlalak nan hmang suh ang che, i tum loh deuhin i mualpho thei a nia, ser reh thei tawhlo i nei mai ang . I ngaihzawngin thla lakpuia a sawm che chuan midangte hmuh atana i duh loh chuan laktir suh ang che, nakinah nangmah ‘blackmail’ nan a la hmang mai ang
2. I mobile connection kha nangma hmingin i register tur a ni. Nangma hminga register a nih loh chuan man theih i ni
3. I photo ID etc kha mobile connection siamtir nan midang hmantir suh ang che.
4. I hminga mobile connection siam a nih a, kha mobile kha thilsual (Midang vau leh rikrap etc) tih nan hman a nih chuan man theih i ni ang
5. I mobile phone-ah khan ‘pirated’ hla/ videos reng reng dah suh ang che Zahmawh lam thil video dah nan hmang suh ang che.I phone a chhiatin authorised dealer ah chauh siamtir tur a ni. A part thalai an ruksak theih che bakah i thil delete tawhte thlengin a haihchhuah theih tih i hre tur a ni

Internet hmang thinte tan:

1. Website i hriat ngailoh atanga i lak software hmang mai mai suh, virus a awm tel thin. A bikin ‘porn site’ leh ‘software cracking site’ velah hian virus a tam.
2. Website i hriat ngailoh-ah in ‘register’ mai mai suh. I email kha mi tute emawin thil rawn thawn nan che an hmang let thei a nia
3. e-mail i hriatchian loh hawng mai mai suh, i hawn veleh i computer a khawih pawi palh thei Chatting i ti emaw, social networking-ah emaw nangma nihna diktak pho lang ngai suh ang che I
4.  personal codes: Bank account number/ password etc e-mail/ SMS/ chatting emaw hmangin thawn ngai suh ang che. e-mail hi hacker tamtakin an lo chhiar ve reng thin tih hriat tur a ni
5. Public computer i hman chuan i hman zawhah i browsing history/ cookies zawng zawng i paih vek tur a ni.I password phei chu ‘save’ miah loh tur a ni

Social Networking hmang thinte tan:

1.       Nangma chanchin kimchang reng reng social networking site-ah dah suh ang che. Mi i la hriatchian lohte hnenah i chanchin hrilh vak suh la, biak dan chin tawk hria ang che  I thlalak reng reng, midang hmuh atana i duhloh chu dah reng reng suh. Nakinah kawppui dang i la nei thei a ni tih hria la, fimkhur thiam ang che

2.       I mi hriatchiante chauh lo chu ‘Friends’ angin pawm lo ang che . I thiante chanchin kimchang pawh dah loh a tha, hlauhawmah an awm ve thei .

3.       I thil thawn reng reng hi midang kutah a awm tawh tih hria la, i duh thu ngeiin i paih thei tawh kherlo.

4.       I paih emaw i tih lai khan a site neituten an kawl tha reng thin a nia. Social Networking atang hian inbiak tlangnel a awl hle a, a tak taka inhmuh kher tum a thalo. Inhmuh kher i tum a nih pawhin hmun ualau chauh i thlang dawn nia.

5.       I lan that berna thlalak i dah thin a, midangin an rawn fak che hian lawmna vak tur a awm lo. An rawn fak che khan nangmahah nuam tihna a awm a, khami khan i duh loh thlengin a hruai ang che .

Tunah hian  Cyber  Criminal Detector  Hardware leh Software te   tam tak  siam mahse, Cyber Crime turu tak taka  inhnamhnawih te hi  Computer expert tak tak te leh mihausa turu tak tak an nih hlawm avangin Cyber Software Engineer  te sum leh pai  tam tham takin an tlawn lungawia,  a lo danna Cyber Software blocker an siam ve leh zel avangin  hnuchhui theih hauh loh engemawzat an awm ve bawk. Computer  hmasawnna a than chak em avangin  Virus leh Cyber Crime pawh nitin mai hian phung velh ang maiin apung  a ni ber mai. Virus  leh Anti virus  nitin zantin an inbuan zak zak ang mai hian Cyber  khawvelah pawh  hnuchhuitu leh an hnuchhui te an inbiruksiak  nitin mai zawng anih hi.   Software Engineer te Sum leh paia vur  hnem  thei zawk zawk an chak a ni ber mai.

Keini Mizoram ah meuh pawh kan police te lutihaitu leh mut mawh hnarmawh a lo ni chho ta reng mai. Hmasawnna lam aiin sualna lam hawi hian khawi hmunah pawh sulhnu a ngahin  ngaihven a hlawh nasa zel zawng anih hi. Mizorama Mobile operator te, Digital Television Operator te leh  IT lama sumdawngtu leh kan sorkar  department te thleng  hian cyber crime thubuai kan nei thei a, heivang hian  cyber crime lamah  kan fihlim em  tih kan in enchian a tul ta hle mai. A bik takin kan thalai te hian mobile phone leh social network  kaltlanga  cyber crime lama inhnamhnawih lo tur leh a  tuartu  kan nih lohna turin thalaiten fimkhur takin Cyber  laichhuat i chhir  ang u.

UNIT  4 : COMPUTER EDUCATION  LEH MIZO THALAITE

Tunlaiin khawvel ram hrang hrang te’n an ram tih hmasawn zelna atan Information Technology hi hmanrua atan an hmang deuh ber thin a.  Chuvangin Information Technology hi hmanraw ropui ber khawvelah a lo ni ta a ni. Chuvangin India mi tawh phawt chu Computer thiam turah khawvel mite’n min lo ngai ta hial a ni.

Hetiang ang taka India ram Computer lama a hmingthat lai hian keini Mizo thalai te hi  helam pang thiamna ah hian kan la hnufual em em thung si. Mizo thalaite Computer Education lama hma kan sawn theihna tur atana India sorkar laipui chuan  ni 21^st February 2000 daih tawh khan  Shillong a North-Eastern States Chief Minister kalkhawmte hnenah Community Information Centre (CIC) din a nih tur thu a lo puang chhuak ta a ni. Hemi tihlawhtling tur hian Ministry of IT chuan ruahmanna fel tak siamin keini Mizoram State ah pawh R.D. Block 22 leh District 5 ah he CIC hi min lo din sak ta a nih kha  kan la hrereng awm e.

Hetih lai  hian keini mizo thalai te hian Computer Education lamah tun aia nasa leh  thahnem ngaia   tan kan lak a tul hle mai. Computer Education  hian mitin min huap zo va, kan  education qualification te,  keimahni personality te, kan nitin  eizawnna leh khawsakna ang zelin  Computer education  lamah kan inhnimphum thei vek a ni. Computer  education  hrim hrim hi  kan phak loh tur leh midang tana   dah ringawt  duhna rilru paihthla in kan phak tawk ang zelin  kan hmang tangkai zawk tur a ni.

Mizo thalai te zingah  Computer education lama kal za nufa zet kan nei ve ta hi a lawmawm tak zet mai. Keini mizo te hian  BCA, MCA , DOEACC O  & A Level  bakah private hrang hranga  computer education hi kan hriat lar leh kan zir ber a ni. Hetih lai hian  Computer education   peng hrang hrang  kan ban phak maia kan zir tur  Non Formal Courses lamah hian  Full time a Computer  zir thei lo leh  subject dang daih zir mek te pawh hian  kan nitin hnathawhna a kan tangkaipui theih tur tala tan kan lak a tul hle mai.

Mizo  Thalai te tan sorkar hna hrang hrang a rawn zuar thin  mahse,  Information Technlogy thiamna  tello chuan thalai ten hna kan hmuh thei tawh si lo a ni ber mai si a, heivang  hian   kan phak tawk  ang zela kan lo inpuahchah lawk a tul hle awm e. Vanneih thlak takin   India sorkar laipui chuan   thalai nawlpui te tana hnazawna atana hman tlak tur leh  hnathawk mek te tan  pawha  kan tangkai pui tur , College Zirlai tan pawha zirna tibuai chuang lo leh mahni inlam hna thawh tibuai chuang lo va sum tam tak sen ngailova mahni inlum atanga  awlsam taka kan zir theih tur  Computer Education  hrang hrang a buatsaih mek zel a. Keini Mizo te hian  Entertainment atan mai nilo, eizawnna tlak Certificate neih ngei hi kan mawhphurhna lian tak a ni tih i hre thar zel ang u.

Democracy ramah chuan Demand a san poh leh supply a tam thin. Mizo thalai Sports lamah demand a sang a, Sports lamah sorkar hmalakna  leh hlawhtlinna hmuh tur a tam em em. Mizoram sorkar Budget a IT  pawisa a tlem zia te han ngaihtuah phei chuan a lungawithlak  loh hle mai. Eng dang vang nilovin keini thalai te hian  IT lam hawi Budget nei turin demand kan nei tam lo a, heivang hian sorkar pawhin  a ngaihthah  a ni ngei ang.  Computer Education  hlawhtlinna chu keini mizo thalai te ah hian a innghat nsa hle  a ni tih i hre theuh ang u.

UNIT  6 : E-GOVERNANCE

E-GOVERNANCE HI ENGE NI ?                       

E-governance awmzia chu  Information Technology hmanraw hrang hrang Mobile, computer, internet e.t.c    te hmanga  sorkar inrelbawl dan tha ( Good Governance) hi a ni. E_Governance hnukpui ber  leh thil tum ber chu  Sawrkar leh Sawrkar (G2G), Sawrkar leh sumdawng (G2B) , Sawrkar leh mipui (G2C) inlaichhina leh inkungkaina tha hi a ni.  E-governance chuan  atam thei ang ber leh awlsam thei ang berin  Mipui, Sorkar hnathawk  leh Sumdawngtu te chak zawk, awlsam leh langtlang takin kan indawr thei dawn a ni.  Hemi tihlawhtling tur hian sorkar leh mipui ten kan kalphung  kan her rem hi a pawimawh hle a ni.

E-GOVERNANCE HI ENGTIA  LO PIANG  NGE  ?          

 “Sawrkar rintlak zawk alo pian nante, langtlang sawrkar din nan te, mipui in sawrkar kalphung an hriat chian nan te sawrkarin E-Governance programme a kal pui dawna, sorkar hnathawhna kawng tinreng tih chakna a ni dawn a ni”, tia  Prime Minister zahawm tak Pu Atal Bihari Vaspayee an  kum 2002 August ni 15 (India Independence day)  a a thusawi bawh zuiin Deputy Prime Minister kaihruaina hnuaiah Planning commission chuan kum 2003 March ni 31 daih tawh khan E-Governance Committee a lo din daih tawh a ni.

NATIONAL E-GOVERNANCE PLAN (NEGP) HI ENGE NI ?

E- Governance  chungchangah hian  India sorkar laipui  hian  thahnemngai tak  leh chak takin hmalakna  a kalpui mup mup reng a, India ram state hrang hrangah  Project hrang hrang a duang a, Heng project te hi National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) tiin an vuah a. A tum ber chu sawrkar hnathawh dan kalphung chipchiar electronic media hmanga mipui ten awlsam taka an hriat zung zung theihna leh mipui mamawh awlsam zawka electronic media hmanga kan lak zung zung theih nan a ni .

NeGP hnuaiah hian sorkar laipui project kalpui lai mek,  Mission mode Project ( MMP) ti a an vuah  hi 22 chuang lai mai a awm a ni.  Heng project te hi  mizoram sorkarin a duh ang ang a zu dil mai a rem lo va, , a indawt dan leh remchan dan ang a thawh chhoh zel tura ruahman a ni,. MMP  hnuaia Project te reng reng hi  hlawm lian tak  chi thum Central Mission Mode Project , State Mission Mode Project  leh Integated Mission Mode Project  ah te  thenhran a ni leh bawk.

1.Central Mission Mode Project (CMMP): Central Mission Mode Project hnuaiah Project 10 a awma, hengte hi:

1. Income Tax.
2. Immigration, visa and foreigners Registration & Tracking.
3. MCA21(Ministry of Company Affairs).
4. Insurance.
5. MNIC/NCD(National Citizens Database) UID
6. Central Excise & Customs.
7. Pensions.
8. e-Office.
9. Banking.
10. Passport.

2.State Mission Mode Project (SMMP): Hei hi   State-in a kalpui ve tur te an ni thung a, State Mission Mode Project hnuai ah Project 10 a awma, hengte hi:

1. Land Records.
2. Road Transport.
3. Treasuries.
4. Agriculture.
5. Municipalities.
6. Gram Panchayats.
7. Commercial Taxes.
8. Police.
9. Employment Exchange.
10. E-District

3.Integrated Mission Mode Project (IMMP) : Hei hi   state hrang hrang te  mawhphurhna ah  a awm bawka ni.  Integrated Mission Mode Project hnuaiah hengte hi a awm ani:

1. CSC.(Common Service Centre)
2. E-Courts.
3. Electronic Data interchange            /e-Trade(EDI).
4. India Portal.
5. National Service Delivery Gateway.
6. E-Biz.
7. E-Procurement.

E GOVERNANCE  INNGHAHNA KE PATHUM TE:

E governance  projects hrang hrang te  hlawhtling taka tihpuitlin anih theih nan pa leh fapa leh thlarau thianghlim tluk zeta  pawimawh, tum thuhmun nei,  leh thenhran theih loh  thil pawimawh tak tak pathum  kan neih  ngai a awm a, chung te chu tlem han tarlang leh ila a tha awm e.

1. SWAN (State Wide Area Network) :SWAN awmzia chu State huapzo  thei tur khawpa Computer network lian tak a ni.  mizoram  chhung zawng zawng computer network hmanga thlun zawm thei tur computer network lianpui a ni  ti ila kan hre thiam mai awm e. SWAN hi E- Governance  project hrang hrang innghahna hnukpui ber  a ni ti ila a sual tam awm love.

2. SDC (State Data Center) : _Governance hlawhtling taka kalpui a nih theih nan NeGP hnuaiah SDC hi ngaihpawmawh ber zinga mi a ni. State Data Center ah hian Sawrkar Office Application pawimawh zawng zawng ration card te, birth certificate te , electric bill pekna e.t.c   sawkar tana data leh document dahthatna hmunpui tur a ni. chhunkhawm a ni. Hei hi  SWAN nen  connect a ni ang a, thingtlang leh hmun hla zawk atangin CSC (Citizen service Center) kaltlangin an lo mahni  in atang pawhin awlsam takin   Sorkar Office kan dawr thei tawh dawn a ni

3.CSC (Common Services Center) : CSC hi E- Governance  project hrang hrang   core project front end  ber tur a ni.  A awmzia chu CSC hi mipui, sumdawng leh sorkar kan indawr tawnna hmanrua ber  tur a ni. Tin, he schemes hi PPP (Public-Private –Partnership) hmanga tihtum a ni bawk a, a thawk turin Central lam pawhin IL&FS te a ruatfel tawh a ni.

TLANGKAWMNA :

Keini tunlai mizo thalai te pawh hi Kan hun tawngin a zir bawk a,  tunhma lama  mi hausa  chanpuala kan ngaih  computer leh electronics  bungraw hrang hrang ten   kan inchhung lum tha lai lai an luah fer fur ta mai a,kan thlalak pawimawh leh  document  pawimawh tak  tak  vawn that nan  computer  mai bakah  kan biak duhzawng  duhzawng awlsam taka  biak  nan  te leh   thu pawimawh  inthawn  tawn nan  Mobile  phone technology  thiamna rahchhuah kan hmang tangkai hle bawk. Hei mai bakah  Ipod, MP3 Players  leh Multimedia Mobile phone   hmanga     hla mawi tak tak nen lunglen leh khawhar kan han inhnem  veng veng mai te han ngaihtuah phei chuan thingremzaithei  leh Panasonics  3-Band Tape Player  ngat lova tlei thei lo kan hranglui mual liam ta ten an mumang lamah pawh an man phak loh tur  kan han chang mai te hi “ Keini zawng kan chan bik hi kan vannei hle.. I lawm ang u,.Technology  thar lo piang hi..” tih hla sak pui vawng vawngna tham a tling in ka hria.

Hetihlai hian Computer leh IT hmanrua te hian kan sorkar, pawl leh  mimal  sahimna leh  Zahawmna  a nghawng nasat em avangin   “Security & privacy “  venhim hi  Keini ringtu ten   sawm zinga pakhat Pathian  tana  pek kan ngaih pawimawh tluk zeta pawimawh a ni tih kan hriat nawn fo a va tul em ! IT bungrua te hi  khandaih hriam tawn ang maia thilti thei anih avangin  afawnga  vawna tangkai taka hman a nih loh chuan, mualphona tlanga min khengbet tu,  zahna kawr ruam thuk takah min vawrh thla thei tu anih bawk si avang hian !  IT hmanrua changkang  tak tak  pawh hmang ila  kan zahawmna leh  himna tichhe hial khawpa kan leklam chuan  hmasawn lam aiin hnungtawlh lam kan pan a, mite ngaihsan aiin ngaihnep kan ni thei tih hi i hrereng ang u khai.

Engle khawle, Information technology  hmasawnna rah chhuah hrang hrang te hi a pawng ataka  control theih a nih ngai dawn bawk si loh avangin keimahni  lam hian dinhmun leh sukthlek nghet nei ila, awmzew nei lova luang thli chhem nghin ang mai mai lo deuha kan hman a tul ta ber a nih awm hi maw.  Pathianin Information technology hmanga  remchanna min pek te hi engtianga hman tangkai tur nge tih te, kan hmang dik em tihte hi zawhna inchhansak theih a ni lo. Keini thalai te hi Pathianin  Information technology khawvelah  min hlang kai  ta a,  A tha zawng a kan hman leh  a chhe zawnga kan hman  erawh chu keimahniah a innghat tlat a.

Awle, Pathianin hmasawnna rahbi thar duhawm tak min pek hi a tha zawnga hmang theuh turin  vawiin atang hian  inbuatsaih  ila,  Hawh u, keini thalai te hian IT  bungrua te hi  Fashion atan mai nilo, kan ramin roelna tha ( good governance  ) a neih theih nan te,  zirna lama hma kan sawn nan te, eizawnna tha neih nan te  kan nunah seng lut ang  u khai.

Ka lawm e

Sawi ho tur  te :

1. Tun aia tangkai leh  him zawkin  engtin nge Social network  tangkai  taka kan hman theih ang?
2. Kan rama Sorkar inrelbawl tha ( good Governance)  kan neih theih nan  Information technology  hmanga thalai te  mawhphurhna 
3. Cyber security lama mizo thalaite hmalakna tur leh cyber crime laka kan fihlim dan tur
4.  IT khawvela thalaiten  social network leh mobile lama tullo a   sum kan khawhral  tihtlem dan kawng .
5. IT Education lama thalaite hmasawn ze dan tur kawng.