E- LIFE STYLE 
                                                                                          Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

            Kan sorkar inrelbawldan leh hnathawhna hrang hrang  electronics  hmanraw changkang ber ber  thuam famkim nen a kan  kalpui hi E government  tih  a lo nih tak si chuan Computer  leh IT hmanrua hrang hrang te hmanga kan nitin  nunphung   leh khawsa zia kan nun pui mek pawh hi E – Life Style   tiin ka han ko duat mai teh ang.

            Pian leh hmel han bihthuak pawha  Khualbuk vengtu  fapa ni awm tak tak a lang Pu Tpa te hial pawh hian  Mobile handset   chhuak thar ber ber  inthlahrung hauh lovin an hum fer fur mai chu a nia,  Bramaputra chhak lama a cheng te hi hma kan sawn ani tih hairual a ni lo ve.  Hetihlai hian  ramchangkang zawk ten mobile leh Facebook  hmanga sum leh pai an hailuh  mek lai in keini zoram thalai ta zawk  erawh chuan  sum leh pai khawhral nan kan la hmang mek thung chu a nih hi. Hei vang hian nu leh pa  thenkhat tan chuan  Mobile leh computer  siamchhuaktu  te hi   anchhe lawh bawrh bawrh  a chakawm thin ngawtin ka ring.

Engle khawle, E- Life Style  khawvelah  kan  cheng miau tawh  a,  mamawhna  in min ur thluk vang em em pawh ni lovin, nei lo bik  nih  kan zahna avang zawkin  Krista sipai huaisen ten  kut chhum ban chhum huama Lalpa tan an in pekna thinlung ang deuh roh kan pu ani mahna, ruk ruk pawh pawisa lovin, Police  man  leh JAC vuak hrep  huamin kan thalai te hian Handset tha leh changkang  neih duhna thinlung kan pu ni ber ta in alang. 

           

            Mizoram hi  BPL tamna leh  State dangte nena khaikhin chuan  thalai lehkhathiam hna mumal neilo tamna leh lehkhathiam lo  intichangkang tamna state kan ni zu ti teh mauh a,  State dang thalai te aiin  IT Products  kan nei tha a,  Bike, Handset leh Computer ah ngat phei chuan   kan  senso a sang lawr lak nghe nghe. Hetihlai hian kan chhungril nun erawh  a changkang  thei mawlh silo.   Hnam changkang  zawkah te hi chuan  thalai  sawm rual  vel punkhawmnaah chuan fing var bik leh rawn tlak deuh pahnih khat an awm ve tlangpuia, keini  ah erawh chuan    mawl fal bik leh  bawl theih pahnih khat tal kan awm ve thung leh pek tlat. 

            Anihna takah chuan, E Life style khawvelah hian   hmanraw changkang   aiin  a hmangtu   quality, nungchang leh taimakna  a pawimawh daih zawk a,  kan nitin hnathawh leh  inchhung khawsak mil a E life style kan  nunpui thiam hi Zaithiam hair style aia  voice Style ( Zaithiam leh aw nalh ka tihna a nih hi !) a pawimawh  daih zawk  ang hi a ni ber mai. Tunhma chuan, I khawsak tawk ang zelin  inchei rawh tiin kan infuih thin kha ani a, tunah chuan  i phak tawk leh   chhungkhaw  neih mil tawkin  E life style   nunpui  rawh tiin kan in fuih  a pawimawh hle tawh mai.  

            Electronics khawvelah chuan   Communication  technology mai bakah   transportation leh  E learning  a kal kawp  vek tih kan hriat a tul hle tawh mai. Tunlai Mobile handset, Camera  leh  Audio Video   khawl  tam ber te hi Computerised  an nih deuh vek tawh   avang hian  Computer  Literacy  ah  engmaw tala  Computer  ziak leh chhiar  kan thiam loh avangin   harsatna  namen lo kan tawk fo ta mai, hei vang hian  kan thalai te hian  IT literacy ah  tan kan lak a tul viau a ni. Darbenthek rithum mi leh tingtang hrui sawm nei miin Amah chu fak mahila, Hmangaihna ka neih si loh chuan ...  tih thu ang deuhvin,   Ministry of Information Technology leh University puitling   recognised  Certificate  kan neih hma loh chuan   Computer games khelh, Internet  browse theih leh  Film en theih  ringawt  hian Computer Literacy  dinhmunah min hlang dawn lova, Hna tha kan hmu dawn bawk hek lo tih kan hriat a pawimawh em em a ni.

Kross thu chu boral mek te tan chuan at na ... Keini chhandam mek te tan chuan Pathian thil tih theihna …  ti a kan Bible  a kan hmuh ang hian, E life Style  hi  Fashion  atan leh  intihchangkan nan ringawta hmangtu te tan chuan  chhungkaw boralna  leh  ruk rukna thlentu mai  a ni.  Hmasawnna lamtluang zawh a, tangkai tak leh  rilru nei taka hmangtu te tan chuan  finna  leh eizawnna   kawnga   IT thil tih theihna  a ni thung.  Kan mizo  thalai zingah  a tha zawnga E Life Style nunpui kan pung chho zel, hawh u  kan phak tawk ang zelin   Electronic  & Information Technology  khawvelah   hmasawnna lamtluang I zawh zel ang u.

CYBER  KHAWVEL  MAWLH HI   

Er. Chhungpuia  Renthlei   

“I FB ngai em?”
“Ngai lo..”
“Anih WhatsApp?”
“Ngai chuang lo”
“WeChat tal pawh?”
“Ka la hre ngai lo hrim hrim”
“Skype, Twitter tih vel pawh maw?”
“Ka hriat vawikhatna”
“I va’n changkang lo em em!”

Kha daih kha a sin …. Kan thalaite  zingah chuan  changkang lo nih awl tak a ni aw ! Tunlai thalaiten changkang kan tehna bulpui pakhat chu ‘Information Technology ’ hi a ni a, changkanglo kan tehna ber pawh ‘Information Technology ’ tho hi a ni leh bawk  a. Information Technology rahchhuah zinga kan hriat hlawh tak, social networking  software   Facebook, WhatsApp, WeChat, Skype, Twitter leh a dang tam tak hmangin khawvel hmun hrang hranga awmte pawh an inbe zung zung thei tawh a. A thain a awlsam phah phian a.

Social networking hian Mizo thalai chauh pawh ni loin, khawvel pumpuiah thalaite nunah bu a khuar thuk tawh hle mai a. Thil reng reng chu a thatna lai a awm rualin a thatlohna pawh a awm ve zel a, Mizo thalai zingah pawh tangkai taka hmang an tam viau laiin a thalo zawnga hmang pawh an lo awm ve teuh zel tho a ni.  

Thalaite nun hi a zalenin a nuam em em a ni. Kan tha chak lai leh rilru ngaihtuahna chak hun lai tak a ni  

Mitin hian he khawvelah hian vawikhat chauh hun kan nei a, kan piang nawn leh ngai tawhlo ang. Hei ngaihtuah reng a tha; vawikhat chauh tleirawl, thalai i ni dawn a, nu leh pa i nih hunah chuan nula tlangval, tleirawl i ni leh ngai tawh lovang. I hun hman englai mah hi kohkir (rewind) leh theih a ni tawh lo. He khawvelah hian vawikhat chauh hun i nei a, I piang nawn tawh dawn lo a nih si chuan I nun kha tu tan nge hmang la tha ber ang. Heng ahnuai a thu te hi han chhiar teh. A dik viau lo maw?

1.       Kawthler aNula chhe lo deuh i thutpui chuan Darkar-1 hi reilote a ni a, Gas bur  i thutpui  erawh chuan Minute 5 hi rei tak a ni.

2.       Whatsapp leh Facebook i khawih chuan Darkar 2 hi reilote a ni a, i inkhawm chuan Darkar 1 a pelh hlek hi chuan rei tak a ni.

3.       I online chuan engtik laiin nge khua a var i hre hman lova, mitthi ina i tlaivar erawh
chuan engtik laiin nge i mutthluk hman i hre lo ve thung!

4.       I len chhuah dawna chhungte pawisa i dil a,Rs 50 an pek che chuan tlem i ti viau mai thei, Biak Ina thawhlawma i thlak dawn erawh chuan Rs 50 chu i hmu tam leh viau si!

5.       Thusawi i ngaihthlak chuan Min 10 chu engtikah nge a ral ang tiin sana i lo en sek a,
Phone-a chhass i biak erawh chuan sana en nachang pawh hre lovin darkar 1 a lo liam mai thin!

 Heng hi kan dinhmun dik tak a ni tlat si.  Hei mai a la nilo cheu . Mi thiam te chuan  khawvel mipui te  hian tooth brush aiin mobile an ngai pawimawh zawk niin an sawi bawk. Khawvelah hian  6.8 billion  mipui kan awm a, 4200 million chauhvin tooth brush kan neih laiin 5.1 billion ten mobile kan nei thung.  Tooth brush nei aiin mobile nei kan tam zawk anih chu.  

Ni tina kan hriat leh hmuh, khawsak dan hi nun kawng chu a ni mai a. Kan kawng zawh tur hi eng ang nge a nih tih kan chhut ngai em le? Hring nun lamtlung kan zawh chho mek zel a.

Chu chu keimahniah hian kan kawng zawh tur kan thlan thiam a tul a ni. Kan nun kawng (dam hun) hi a rei dawn nge a tawi dawn tih kan hre si lo. CYBER KHAWVEL  Nun kawng zawh tur hian mahni lam inen a, kan khawvel hun tawn mek hi kan hmachhawn thiam a tul takzet a ni.

CHANCHINBU HRIN NUN CHHUKCHHO.

Er.Chhungpuia Renthlei

Rilru hah leh buai reng renga kan awm hnuah hahdam nan tiin chanchinbu kan han keuva,  rilru hah tur khawp zeta thu ngaihnawm lo, luak chhuak leh lu na bur khawpa chhiar tur thu sei, mit vai rum rum khawpa thuziak chhiar chian theih loh khawpa sin leh fiah lo,  chhiar peih loh laia hma tak taka a semtu ten an rawn dah theih laia mamawh leh  chhiar chak ngawih ngawih laia a semtu ten rokhawlhna avanga an rawn dah tak loh te,  dawhkan tihnawk tham lawiha chanchinbu kan dah el ul laia,  inleng leh thian tha neih laia  chhiar tur pakhatmah awm lawilo  te,  Once in a blue moon  aia  tam lo hna dilna leh  advertisement pawimawh  kan duh hun ve laia  naupang ten  kan phek duh lai an lo tibo daih mai te, hmanhmawh taka zing chhuah hmaa kan en duh hmanhmawh deuhva han zawna hmuh zawh si loh, mamawh tawh loh hun tlai khaw hnu a him piala hmuh leh lawi si te… hei lo pawh sawi sen, chhiarsen, ziah sen  loh aia phek thum vela tam daih a la awm ang ka ti ! chanchinbu chuan kawng chhuk ah min namthla a, kawngchhovah min pawchho a ni ber mai. 

Ni e, Kan zoram zimte ah hian Chhangchhe pa  leh chhungrual tu leh fa te aia thahnem fe mai,  truck full load a phurh tham lawih mai leh  Ruling party  ngaihsak hlawhlo  khaw kil khawr YMA hall a leng lo khawp  nitin mai chanchinbu a chhuak  a ni ber mai. Ziarang inmil tak tak leh inmil hauh lo te, phek hlai tak tak phek tlem te ni lawi sit e, phek tam tham tak tak mahse a chhunga thu tam lem lo te, phek tlem te a chhunga thu muk em em a beng lawisi te leh  A kawm fiah em em , mahse  a fiahna zawng zawng a kawm in a ei zo emaw tih mai tur khawpa chhung lam fiah leh si lo te, Fiah vak lo  leh copy tam vak lo chung pawh a Advertisement hmu tha em em te,  hmu ve zeuh zeuh leh hmu ve mang lo, mahse hmuh chhun chhun uluk tak maia design te leh a dang  sawi tur a va tam em !

Aizawlah ila kal ngai lo emaw  Aizawl atangin ila zin chhuak miahlo zawk  anih pawhin vawikhat na na chu chanchinbu zing kar hringnun  hi han bel ve teh. Lalklawh thil avanga i zan chhuak I hawtlai a,  zing dar 2 leh dar 3 inkara pa valai bag lian tak ak chunga chanmari leh khatla inkara  i tawh te kha, mitin ta tur chanchin tha, chanchin thar, chanchin bengvarthlak   zoram puma thehdarhtu pasaltha te an ni.  Zing dar li velah tho la, zarkawt leh millennium kawt velah han kal teh, Politician in ro an rel lova, sipaiin ro an rel heklo, chanchinbu semtu mi hrang hrang ten traffic tibuai hlek lovin an duhna lam lamah pheikhai an chhep zawk. A thenin Be the Red  T-shirt, Arsenal uniform hlui lam tawh, nikum krismass hmaa second dawra an whole sale an leiin an rawn inthuam a, truck suit ha chunga  chpal bun leh daih siin inthlahrung lo takin  nitin, kartin, thlatin  chanchinbu chhuak  an  chhangchhiatpui daih tawh mai nia.  Chanchinbu  mitin chhiar theiha a awm theih nana, vai pathian thawhkhalha, a chanchinbu sakhming lam ri a,  zing bawh ar   mutui lai kaitho thei khawpa hma tak taka tho thin te hi chanchinbu  hnute pe a, awm tleia , mite hnena man hla taka hralhtu te an nih vangin chanchinbu lei thin te tan  an va tangkai thin em !

Thiamna hrang hrang nei ten, thu leh hla hrang hrang  an phuahkhawm, mi hrang hrang mil tura  design hrang hranga an siam, a semtu mi hrang hrang ten, mual hrang hrang hranga an thawndarh, mi hrang hrang ten  kan remchan hun leh hmun hrang hranga kan lo chhiar thin CHANCHINBU te hian  thuk leh ril takin  kan nunah thu a sawiin  thenkhatin lungchhe vankaia min tahtira laiin a thenin insum theilo khawpa za in min nuihtir thung. Chanchinbu hian china bang ropui tluk zeta dawn tisei , nghet leh tlovin  hring nun tah leh nuihna inkarah  bang ropui a siam a ni ber mai. Thuthar thenkhatin  hun kal tawh thu leh hla a kaihthawh laiin   thawnthu hlui ten  hun lo la awmtur a chhawp hnai ve mek bawk.. Politics kan ngaihven avangin chanchinbu in politics a paipawna,  Film star leh Celebreties kan ngaihven avangin  chanchinbu tin deuh thawah film star  miropui tak tak thlalak leh chanchin a par cheichuaia. Hei hi kan thinlung leh mizia, kanhringnun in a enghelh ber ber te chu ni tlat si.

Keini a chhiar tu te lah kan mak ang reng khawpa, Zing lama a huh leh chuar hlau em ema, uluk taka kan vawn that chanchinbu te kha tlailamah chuan athar a rawn chhuah leh tawh avang te, kan chhiar zawh tawh avang te leh a remchan em avangin a tul tulah kan hmang leh ta daih a, thenkhatin Celebreties Nula hmeltha leh hmai mam  tak tak ngei mai thlalak kan pawt thla a, Julia robert, Lady Gaga, Maimi Varte, .e.t.c  hmel tuihnai tak tak  leh  nau mawngtam  chuktuahin dim baksak lovin  nau ek kan hru tawk tawka,  a thenin  nghathu kan fun uih rum rum a, dust bin mawnga nula lem ang phiau  ka chhunga kuhva eina  han pik sen zuai zuai mai lah  bo lo, a thenin  chanchinbu phek hmasa a LK Advani mawngtam leh  Osama Binladen khabe hmul in si chual a thlep in bra leh underpen fun nan  kan hmang leh ang lawp lawp a. Bazar lamh ni se,  Pu Vanglaini Phek hmasaa Lalduhawma  hnungzang kul pawp khawpa  chawhmeh fun a, zak zeh an lo awm ve mek bawk. A chang leh Tanakha leh  nghapih rim nam rum rum chungin Burma ho puantahna sirah   synod  rorel inkhawm thuchhuak te a awm leh ang nawlh nawlh bawk a.  Zin kawngah han hawi chhuak ila, Smart taka inthuam chung  leh  inring tawk taka thusawi thin kan  CM Pu Hawla meuh pawh   side drain-ah khawhar takin  a lo let ve reng bawk nen. Chanchinbu tluka pawngsual tawk hi an awm dawn em ni ka ti hial mai! Chanchinbu a kan hming leh thlalak lang hi a hlut viau laiin kei zawng a hnu leh ka han dawn hian lan loh te hi a fuh ber zawk em aw .. te ka ti rum rum mai.

Engle khaw le,  Chanchinbu hian tho sileh thotle ang maiin kan hring nun kawtkai a rawn bawma,  kan mamawh leh kan duh zawng chhiar mai a finthlak rualin  kan duh loh zawng leh  huang lo lam  chanchinbu a rawn lang nazawng anchhe lawh kher thin hi a fin loh thlak thung awm e. kan duh loh zawng leh ho kan tih zawng chanchinbu  kumpui ling leta a chhuak nitin anih chuan a siamtu te hlawkpui khawpa lei duh kan awm a ni mai.  Tin,  puithu tak leh  smart taka chanchinbu hi chiar ani lem loh avangin chanchinbu han tih hian thu kulmuk tak tak, political thu thar, bible tluk zeta thu tha ..e.t.c a  zakzeh a ngai vek lem lo awm e.  Mitin ta tura chanchin hrang hrang buatsaih a nih lai hian  mitin ngaihdan a thuhmun fo thi thin si lo hian chanchinbu hmelhmang a pawt fana, a nawr tawma,   hmar lam a hawitir laiin khawchhak lam a thlir tir fo bawk thin. Chanchinbu tha,a chhunga thu belhchian awm leh  hlawkpui tlak nei tur nei tur chuan  Mizoram hian kan duhzawng, boruak hap chak zawng, rilru sukthlek zawng leh  thinlung belhchian tlak kan neih a ngai.  Chanchinbu hi hralh thei miah lo se, tuman rei tak chhung an siam peih lovang, Chanchin bu  lama hlawhtlinna hian hring nun angin dam lai leh bawrhsawm lai anei ve chawk thin. Hetiang dinhmun ah hian phailam mithiam rawih a ngai ve lova, damdawi peihlo chung chunga nachhawkna damdawi ei a ngai lova,  A ziaktu  duh dan leh  ngaih pawimawh aiin a chhiartu  duh dan leh hlawkpui theih tura  thu leh hla  her rem thiam apiang an dam reia, an hmuingil a ni ber mai. Kan nun dan, rilru sukthlek zawng, titi duh zawng, bengverh zawng  leh  environment  mila  thu leh hla phuahkhawm anih fo thin avang hian Chanchinu hian Mipui nunah Darthlalang  lian tak a hung kan ti lo thei lovang

CHIPS  KHUALZINNA KHAWVEL

Er.Chhungpuia Renthlei

Keini zawng thil  kan hmuh leh kan hriat te hi sawi lovin kan awm thei lo ni e  tih leh  A then  pawh kan hre lo , he luikam atang hian  tih  changchawiin  personal ID Chips  chungchang a kim lovin kan  hria a, mite hnenah a kimlo leh zualin kan hril chhawng leh a,  electronics  bungrua, science  thiamna  hmanga  formula nena design   pawh hi  Mythology  lam hawi lek lekin kan  thai let a, kan virpilh a,   a tawpah phei chuan  kan hmu thlahrang  ta hial  ni te hian alang ta.

ID chips  hi  mi lung leng leh  tawngkam thiam chu han ni ngat se ,  Eng an kher nge nang ka lo tawn che ,lungrun   tiin   Election comission of India   biahthu a hlan ngei in ka ring.  Khawvel hmasawnna kal zelah  Millenium kan chuankai meuh chuan,  zu siamna atanga  Bible siamna thlengin  Computer  leh  IT   hmanraw hrang hrang te chu  hna pawimawh ber ber te thawhna hmanrua ni turin company  inpui sangah lawiluh tirin khumpui an chang fer fur mai.. Biakin a mawi taka kan zaina te, fiah taka Pathian thu kan ngaihthlak theihna te , Media hmanga Pathian thu kan puanchhuahna te , man tlawm tak tak a  kohhran chanchinbu hrang hrang bible  kan print chhuah theihna te , pawimawh hran hrang sawi sen loh aia  tam mai. Heng zawng zawngah hian   Chips   hi a thluak bur ber an ni zel thin. 

Kohhran atang leh  sorkar atang pawhin selna an ka  kan chhak chhuah  em em pawh a awm lem lo. Hetih lai kara  dikna hlen chhuah nan  leh   hlemhletna leh pawi khawihna  laka India khua leh tui min venghim tura  Kan sorkar hruaitu ten Chips an hman  dawn avanga  lo buai phili chiam chiam mai hi  a Pathian thu lovin a sakawlh  nunphung  riau zawk .

Kan Lalpa Isua  nu leh pa Josepha leh Mari te khan Sorkar Chhiarpui an ngaih pawimawh zia te kha aw ,  Sumo  leh MST   a chuang ve miah lovin   an hunlaia Lalber Kaisara chhiarpui kha  rai puar chungin  ke in a panin an pan zawk anih kha..Hmana mi te ang lo takin  kan kawtkaiah  sorkar  mi leh sa  rawn kalin awlsam takin mahni in lumah  chhiarpui kan nei thei a,  kan vanneih teh  reng nen , kan hming kan la pe duh lo te hi chu a thinrim thlak lek lek zawk mai. 

  Chips ti a kan hriat lar   hi  Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits ( VLSIC)    family  a niin  Electrical leh Electronics  hmanrua   lian tak tak  ngailova,   kawlphetha leh  components seng tlem thei ber tur leh  dik tak leh  awlsam taka  rei tak chhung hnathawk thei tur a  Computer  Simulator Software changkang tak  leh Robot hmanga  electronics  component maktaduai tel zet mai  hmun te reuh te a  dah theih tura   design a ni a. Kan hmanna mil tur zela  heng te hi deign an ni a, Computer  ah chuan  Central Processing Unit kan tih te hi chips vek a ni a, a hnathawh theih tam lam leh  chak lam ( Capacity & Speed ) a zirin Celeron,Cyrix,  pentium e.t.c ti te in vuah an ni. 

Electronics Data leh signal hrang hrang  binary ( 1, 0) a  lehlin dan thiamna hmangin n tun hma atangin Audio, Video,  Mathematics  ah leh database  pawimawh tak tak  buaipui nan chips hi a hnarkaitu ber ani chho ta zel a ni. Kum 2000i kan lo chuangkai meuh chuan  Mobile communication,  Cable television,  banking system,  Electronics diary, Medical Equiptments  e.t.c, hrang hrangah  chips kan lo hmang chho ta zel a.

Atirah tak chuan  Scientific leh Engineer  hmanrua a la changkan loh avangin   khawl  mawl mang tak siam nan  pawh  power supply  tam tham tak  sen a ngai thin. Tin,  hmanrua a tam tham phei chuan  darkar reilo te ah pawh  lumna nasa tak pe chhuakin he lumna hian  khawl   hnathawh a ti buai thei hle thin.  Capacitor , Inductor, transistor e.t.c hmuhchhuah a nih meuh chuan, awlsam zawk leh   felfai zawkin hmanraw tlemte hmangin  a hmaa  khawl lian tak tak te aia  hnathawk thei zawkin siam a ni leh a.  Engineering leh science & technology hian  a tum ber chu , Energy  leh  hmanraw tlem thei ang ber hmanga  dik tak leh chak taka   rei tak chhung hman theih tura khawl siam chhuah hi a ni .

  Physics, Chemistry , Mathematics leh Electricity  thiamna  hmang kawp chhovin  Integrated Circuits ( Ics )  siam chhuah a lo ni ta hian nasa takin hmasawnna a rawn thlen chho ta  a ni.Khawl lian tak tak te kha  Feet ah, Inches ah, Centimeter ah, Milimeter ah    sawr te zelin,  Intergated circuits  pawh  changkang zawk a thuam chho zelin Small Scale , Medium scale ,  Large Scale, Very Large Scale  Integrated Circuits siam chhuah a lo ni ta zel a.  kum 2000 kan chuankai meuh chuan Mizorama kan infiamna hmun lian ber AR lammualah pawh  dah ila a leng lovang tih theih tur khawpa khawl lian  te pawh kutphah tia mai pawh nilo  khasi kut zungte tin tia lek lekin an sawr te thei ta a ni ber mai.

Thingrem zai thei aiah, MP3,  I pod players . Cinema  Reel lianpui pui leh Cassette aiah DVD , Pen drive, Memory stick. Khawl ha remna Press  leh Type writer aiah  Computer  Desktop Publishing. Telephone aiah  Mobile phone. Envelope  a tuam mai bakah Stamp bel tel kher ngai Lehkhathawn  aia   E mail leh SMS te   kan lo neih theih phah ta a nih hi.     

TELEVISION  PARENTAL GUIDELINES               

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

TV Parental Guidelines hi January 1,1997 atang khan US Television broadcast leh cable networks hrang hrangah hman a ni. Cable TV Parental Guidelines thil tum ber chu Cable TV broadcasting leh Cable networks hrang hrang hrang film leh program felfai taka thliar hran leh thlirtute kum mila en theih tura mumal taka bithliah siam hi a ni ber mai. Hei hi Rating tiin an sawi bawk thin. Tin, TV entu mipuiten program tha chauh an thlir theih nan ( Viewers Control ) siam anih avangin V hian Viewer control tih a entir bawk.Television kaltlanga film leh program thenkhat an thawnchhuah hi ram thenkhatah emaw chuan tihlan a remchang thin lova, heivang hian V chips hmangin Television program tam tak block a ni thin.  

Film leh Program hrang hrang te Parental Guidelines hmanga then dan zawng zawng sawi vek sen nilo mahse, a tlangpui chauh han bih teh ang.

1.      TV-Y : Hei hi Naupang kum 6 chin en theih a ni. Cartoon emaw Mihring pawh ni se a thil tum leh program hrim hrim hi naupang te tan a pawi tur thil a awm tur ani lo. Thil hlauhawm leh naupang thlabar theihna lam a awm tur anilo bawk. Fiamthu lam te, action pangngai ang chi te leh hmanraw hlauhawm lo chi tenau te a tel thei.  

2.      TV-Y7-FV: Hei hi kum 7 chunglam tan tho ani nachungin Insual, inkap, indo leh inhau a tam hle.    

3.      TV-G : hei hi mipui vantlang en chi film leh program a ni. Hetah hian mipat hmeichhiatna te, Inhauhna tawngkam thalo te, thawmhnaw inbel duhdah tak ang chi te a tel thiang lo. Naupangte tana siam ni chiah lo mahse, naupang awmlaia nu leh pa tam ber ten inluma kan en avangin naupang pawhin an en nasa hle thin.  

4.      TV-PG : Nu leh pa ngaihdanah a innghat tlangpui. Puiltling, Nu leh pa te tellova naupang chauhin an en loh tur ang chi  hi a ni.

5.      TV-14 : Hetiang program ah hian mipat hmeichhiatna, thisenchhuahna, tawngkam tha lo tak tak a awm theih avangin kum 14 chunglam tan a ni tlangpui. Tin, Puitling, Nu leh pa kaihhruaina hnuaia en ho chi a ni bawk. Hetiang program leh filmah reng reng atirah hriattirna (Parents strongly cautioned/May be unsuitable for children under 14 years of age) an siam thin.

6.      TV-MA: Hei hi puitling kum 17 chunglam tana siam a ni. Hetiangah hian Inhauhna leh thinrima inbiakna, Mipat hmeichhiatna lam hawi leh hriamhrei leh insual a tam hle thin. Hetiang program leh filmah reng reng atirah hriattirna an siam thin

Mizo te hian  TV kan en nasa hle mai si a,  TV lama sumdawngtute pawhin a hmuhnawm lam leh a awlsam vang ringawt ngaihtuah lova, Film leh Program thehdarhna kawngah kan fimkhur a tul hle mai.TV tellovin kan awm thei tawh meuh lo chu a ni mai si a, A tha zawnga kan nunpui theih nan Television Parental guidelines te hi ngai pawimawh theuh phawt mai teh ang u

MIZORAM COMPUTER  PRIVATE INSTITUTION                              
Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Mizorama Computer  private institution hnuaia zir ten sorkar pawmpui ( Govt. Approved) syllabus ,Academic calendar, Examination leh Certificate an neih theih nan  MCIOA (Mizoram Computer Institute Owners Association) chuan kum 10 liam ta daih tawh khan hma a lo la tawh a. MCIOA   hi  sorkar hnuaia in register thlapin  (Reg.No. MSR 323 of 03.05.2010) kum 2001 ah din a ni. Mizorama private Computert zirna  thlungkhawmtu ber a ni. Beidawng lo va taima taka sorkar thuneitu hrang hrang  te an biak hnuah  kum 2013 atang khan Mizoram State Council of Technical Education (MSCTE) Govt. of Mizoram Chaltlang, Aizawl chu sorkarin mawhphurhna a pe a. Tichuan, kum 2013 atanga vawiin thlengin MSCTE chu Mizorama Computer  private institution parents department niin, Institution inspection, Affiliation, Syllabus, Calendar, Examination leh Certificate Issue e.t.c chungchanga thuneitu ber a ni.

Government Approved Institution : MSTCE hnuaia private Computer  institution affiliate (Register) tur te reng reng hi MCIOA   hnuaiah an in register a ngai a, MSTCE membership lehkha leh institution information nen  MSCTE ah affiliation dilna an tehlut thin. Hemi hnuah  MSCTE   inspection team ten uluk takin  inspection a nei a, uluk taka a hmun ngeia kala an zir chian hnuah affiliation pek tura an thlan chuan  registration mumal tak nen Approval certificate an pe chhuak thin. Inspection hi kumtin neih a ni .  Hetianga MSCTE in Computer Syllabus  zirtir thei tura a thlan,registration mumal tak neia Affiliation certificate a pekchhuah te hi   Mizoram State Council of Technical Education-in a pawmpui computer zirna (Government Approved Institution)  tih a ni. Sorkar Approved  private computer zirna te hian Zirtir hna te, internal exam leh practical examination hi  mahni  institution ah an nei a, Final Theory examination question set, Examination & Evaluation leh  Certifcate issue hi MSCTE  in a buaipui thung.  

Govt.Approved course: MSCTE in private computer zirna in kaltlanga course a neih te hi  semester hnih  ah then a ni a, semester khat  hi kum chanve (6 months) a ni. CCA hi 6 months courses ani a, DCA hi 1 year course a ni. CCA pass te chauhvin DCA an zirthei. MSCTE hian a hranga CCA ti kher lo hian DCA semester-1 (DCA1) leh  DCA semester-2 (DCA2)  in an then. DCA first semester (DCA1) pass te hi  DCA1 Certifcate pek an ni a, hei hi Certificate in Computer Application (CCCA) certificate tlukpui a ni.  DCA semester 2 (DCA2) an pass leh chuan DCA2 Certificate an pe leh a, hei hi  Diploma in Computer Application (DCA)  tlukpui ani ve leh.

Examination & Govt. Approved Certicate : MSCTE hian Kum tin  June thla ah leh December thlaah DCA1 leh DCA2 exam a buatsaih. June thla exam tur te hian  April thla chawhma chhungin MSCTE ah exam form an submit a ngai a, Tichuan, June thla a exam result hi July leh August  thla chhungin  result a chhuak thin. Hetiang bawk hian December  thlaa exam tur te hian  October  thla chawhma chhungin MSCTE ah exam form an submit a ngai bawk. Tichuan, December exam result hi January leh February thla chhungin result a chhuaka, chuta pass te chu MSCTE chuan Certificate a pe chhuak thin. Heng certificate  hi  sorkar thuchhuahin “Computer zirna aṭangin Diploma in Computer Application (DCA) emaw, Certificate in Computer Application (CCCA) certificate an nei tur a ni” a tih te chu a ni.

Private Certificate : Dan naranin Sorkar Approved  private computer zirna  te chuan MSCTE  approved course chi hnih  Certificate in Computer Application (CCCA)  leh  Diploma in Computer Application (DCA) an zirtir thin. MSCTE approved course a tello, computer subject thenkhat (Pagemaker, Tally, Photoshop, Video editing, Web design e.t.c )  zir duh an awm thin. Tin, MSCTE exam buatsaih exam duh kher lo, thiamna hrim hrim duha zir an awm bawk. Customer  mamawh a zirin Computer short term course chi hrang hrang (Pagemaker, Tally, Photoshop, Video editing, Web design, Programming  e.t.c )  an zirtir tel a, certificate pawh  institution in  a pe chhuak ve mai thin. Private company emaw, sorkar department thenkhat ten regular appointment atan nilo a  heng private certificate pekchhuah  an pawm leh pawm loh chu an thu nise, Sorkar Approved  private computer zirna  pawh nise MSCTE  pekchhuah nilo, private institution ten certificate an pekchhuah te hi  sorkar thuchhuah “Computer zirna aṭangin Diploma in Computer Application (DCA) emaw, Certificate in Computer Application (CCCA) certificate an nei tur a ni”  tih hian a huap lo.

Department of Personal & Administrative Reforms (DPAR) chuan nikum 2016 khan notification tichhuakin, Mizoram Group A, B leh C Service/ Recruitment (Ammendment) Rules, 2016 hnuaiah group A, B leh C atana sorkar hnathawk lak thar turte'n computer an thiam tur a ni tih thu an tarlang a. Heivang hian Mizoram sorkar hnuaia hnaruak hrang hrang dil tu ten  Computer certificate  an neih ngei ngei a ngaih tawh a, hetih lai hian vawiin thlengin   hna diltu tam zawk leh  a buaipuitu department office a thawk thenkhat te pawhin sorkarin  Govt. Approved Institution & Computer certificate  a sawi tak hi kan la hrechiang lo hle. MSCTE leh MCIOA  te hi zawtfiah zel thin ila a tha hle mai.

Aw le, MSCTE leh MCIOA  ten  nu leh pa chan change mumal taka Computer  zirna hmasawnna atana an hmalakna hi mizoram tan a hlu in a tangkai tak zet tih hi  Zoram mipui te pawhin hria ila, IT lama kan ramin hmasawnna rahbi a rah chhoh zelna tur leh  state dang te aia kan ram in ataka  IT kan chhawr tangkai pui theihna turin  sorkar leh mipui ten  thawh hona tha tak  neih pui zel ang u khai.

INDIA LEH TECHNOLOGY  

Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Khawvel sorkar lian leh ropui ber zinga mi India  in  Information Technology  lama a hmalakna hi kan sawi zing ta malh malh hle mai.  Eng dang vang a ni  lo ve , Information technology lama  India hmasawnna hi a  theuneu lo em a tin ni. Sawi zawh sen rual a ni lo a,  chhiar zawh sen rual lah a ni hek lo.

India hian kum 2015  a   Digital India   Digital India  program a kalpui tak tak atang phei kha chuan Prime Minister Narendra Modi  sorkar hian Information technology ram hmasawnna atan hman a tumin tan a la nasa hle a, Computer leh Mobile atana hman theih turi Software application tangkai tak taka  a siamchhuak renga, tunah hian  khawvel ram hrang hrang 100 vel zetah Software  a thawn chhuak mek bawk a ni.

Tunah hian  software industry  hi  India ram ei leh bar innghahna bul ber  pakhat a ni mek a,  kum zabi hmasa lam atang khan khawvel mak tih khawpin  hma a sawna.  NASSCOM chhut dan phei chuan  Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)  hi 42.3%. lai  a ni a,   a la pungchho zel tura  chhut a ni bawk.

Kar hmasa lawk 15^th, August khan ram pumpuiah India in British laka zalenna a neih kum 71 na  Independence day  ropui taka hman nih kha kan la hre theuh awm e. A thusawi langsar tak pakhat chu Information technology hmanga  India sorkar khalphung  a tha zawnga  her danglam a ni. India sorkar hian  Information technology hmanga  ram pumpui a tha zawnga her danglam (change) a tum mek a,  kan hriat theih chinah pawh  nasa takin  a her danglam  mek a nih hi. Black money  leh Corruption  ti tlem turin sorkar langtlang   (transparency)    kan neih ngei ngei a ngai tih India hian a hre chiang hle a. Hemi tihlawhtling tur hian Information technology hi a hmang tangkai hle bawk.  

  

Tunah hian India sorkar hian  Information technology  hmanga   thil lei leh hralh (digital transaction)  lamah nasa takin hma a la mek tih pawh kan hre theuh awm e.  Tun hmaa kan la hriat ngai loh leh  mang lamah pawh kan la hmuh loh  thil hrang hrang hrang kan tawng chho mek a,   keini mizoram mipui te pawhin electric bill leh tui bill te thlengin mobile leh computer hmangin kan pe thei tawh a nih hi. Tin, Mobile hmanga  financial transaction kan tih theih nan India sorkar chuan BHIM Application software  hial a siam chhuak te hi a ropui hle mai.

Kan sawi ta sa sa, khaw nge Khawvel pum huap pawh a Information technology  lama India  ropui zia tlem han tarlang lawk teh ang:-

Computer  khawl ropui ber “ Computer thluak (Brain of computer ) an tih mai Pentium chip hi  India mi Vinod Khosla siamchhuah a ni. Vinod Khosla hi computer khawvela lar tak Sun Microsystems,  co-founder a ni nghe nghe. Tun thleng hian khawvel a Computer 91% te hian Pentium chip  hi an hmang vek a ni.

Tin, Computer  khawvel a khawvel hriat lar em em, American multi-national information technology company, tuna Palo Alto, California hmuna headquarter  nei mek,   Hewlett-Packard Company (HP)   a General  Manger hi  India mi Rajiv Gupta a ni

Internet leh E mail  khawvela  lar tak, Hotmail  siamchhuaktu hi tu dang ni lovin India mi  Sabeer Bhatia  a ni. Sabeer Bhatia hian    HTML  (Hyper text Mark up Language)   hmang liau liau a Hotmail hi a siamchhuah a ni.     Hotmail hi khawvela Web based program e mail hmasa ber a ni nghe nghe.

Japan leh USA tih lovah chuan India  khawvela mahni puala  super computer siam chhuak awmchhun a ni. 

·         Khawvelah  Scientist leh Engineers nei hnem ber ram pahnihna kan ni.  

·         Microsoft  Company   hnuaia hnathawk 34% te hi India mi an ni.

·         IBM Company hnuaia hnathawk 28% te hi India mi an ni.

·         XEROX  Company hnuaia hnathawk 13% te hi India mi an ni.

·         NASA Scientists  36% te hi India mi an ni.

·         State Bank of India (SBI) hi khawvel bank zinga branch ngah ber a ni

·         TATA Group, Infosys, SBI te hi khawvel a company hlun leh rintlak ber  top 50 ah an awm.

·         India rama Supercomputer  hmasa ber chu Parallel Machine (PARAM)  8000  hi a ni. PARAM 8000 hi Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) India ten  July 01, 1991 a an siamchhuah a ni.

·         India  nula Kalpana Chawla  hi khawvela  hmeichhia  Space a zin hmasa ber a ni a. USA  aiawhin Space Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87 hmangin November 19,1997  khan vansangah a han zin anih kha.

·         700BC   daih tawh khan  India hian Takshilla   ah University a lo din daih tawh a, hei hi  Khawvela University hmasa ber  a ni.

·         Banglore hi India rama Electric nei hmasa ber a ni.  Kum  1906 khan electric an hmang daih tawh .

Film Industry lamah pawh India Technology hi sang in  a ropui hle mai.  Khawvel a    Cinema Film  tawng thei ( Video  with Audio ) hmasa ber   hi Kum 1931 khan India ah siam a ni.  Tin, Hetihlai hian khawvelah  Cinema te hi Black & White vek a ni a,  color a la awm lo. Tichuan,  India  chuan  Color  film hmasa ber  kum 1960 khan a lo siam siamchhuak leh bawk

Awle, Information technology  khawvelah ngat phei hi chuan India nih hi a zahthlak lo hle mai.   India  mi Engineer, Scientist leh doctor  chhuanawm tak tak te   hian  kan nunah phurna  leh chona min neih tir thei se a tha hle mai. Vai vai ti thin mah ila, Keini Mizo hi India khua leh tui dik tak kan ni si a, he kan nihna hi  haider lovin khawvel ram ropui ber zinga mi India mi nih hi  inchhuang ila, India khua leh tui tha ni zel thei turin  IT lamah   hmasawn  zel  ang u. 

WANNACRY RANSOMWARE  
(Biggest Cyber criminal in Computer History !) 
Er. Chhungpuia Renthlei

Aw le, tun tum chu computer khawvel history a  computer virus hmanga cyber crime lian ber leh tawhkhirh ber hiala an sawi, kum in 2017  May thla tir lama  khawvel nghawr nghing lawih khawpa computer khawih buaitu  Ransomware chungchang  ka han tarlang  ve  ang e. 

Ransomware hi eng chiah nge ni le ?

Ransom tih hi mizo tawng chuan tlanna emaw intlanchhuahna tihna a ni.  Virus chimawm tak, file khawih chhia a pawisa min dil thin tu ti ila a fiah mai awm e. Ransomware hi malicious software zinga mi a ni. Malicious software awmzia ber chu virus chikhata ni a,computer system  ah lutin a rukin data hrang hrang a chhiar a, information a chhinchhiah vek a, message  chi hrang hrang a tarlang thin. Ransomware in computer a khawihbuai dan ber chu kan computer a file pawimawh  awm tha hle hle lai  hawn theih miah loh turin  min kalh sak hmiah hmiah mai a, chu mai duhtawk lovin  pangngai taka hawng leh turin  tlanna pawisa min thing let leh thin.

Keini mipui tam zawk ten tunhnai mai a social media hrang hrang kaltlanga  kan hriat  ransomware  hi kum 1989 daih tawh a Joseph Popp  program siamchhuah a ni. A tirah chuan “AIDS” Trojan  tih leh  PC Cyborg tih hming an vuah nghe nghe. Hetianga intlanchhuahna tura sum a phut tlat thin avang hian a hmingah Tlanna Virus  ( Ransom Malware)  an ti anih mai hmel e. He Ransom Malware  hi a lam tawi in Ransomware tiin khawvel chuan kan lo hre lar ta a ni.

Ransomware chi hrang hrang te :

 Ransomware  hi family lian tak a ni a, a langsar zual deuh deuh te  chu: 

1.       Encryptors  ransomware  chuan computer hmangtu te data pawimawh  hrang hrang personal photos, archives, documents, databases, etc. te  hman theih lohin a lock vek thin. Data hawn theih lehna turin tlanna pawisa  (ransom payment) a phut nghal thin.

2.       Blocker  ransomware ve thung chuan computer  systems (Windows operating system) a block hmiah mai  thung a, computer  hmang thei leh turin tlanna pawisa  (ransom payment) a phut nghal thin.

3.       Leakware(Doxware) ransomware : Hei hian  information  te ruchhuakin hmun dangah a tlangzarhah a vau  thin.

4.       Mobile ransomware: Android platform a bi tum ber. Mobile data pawimawh hman theih lohvin a siam thin

5.       Reveton ransomware  :  license telloa software hmang ang a kan computer sawiin, Software  pawisa pe a download tur te in  thuneitu ang maiin message a tarlang thin.Kum 2012 velah European countries ah a lar hle.

6.       CryptoLocker ransomware  : Hei hian kan data leh software te hman theih loh turin a siam thin.Kum 2013 chhho ah khan a lar hle.Kum 2013 september khan Australia ah  computeter a tibuai hle bawk

7.       CryptoWall ransomware : Hei hian Microsoft windows a bitum bik a. Kum 2014 khan  Advertisement dik lo tam tak  an thehdarh  kum 2014 chho khan website langsar tak tak a tibuai.

8.       Fusob ransomware : Hei hi Mobile  bitum tura an siam a ni. April 2015 leh  March 2016 inkara mobile tibuaitu ransomware langsar ber a ni.

9.       WannaCry ransomware  : Hei hi tunlaia khawvelin a buaipui mek,.Kumin 2017 may thla tir lama  internet kaltlanga computer engemawzat a tibuaitu  hi a ni. Computer han ON chiah hian Windows hmang ho tan chuan Start menu etc lan hmain emaw, a lan rualin “Your Computer is Locked” etc. tih a rawn lang tel thin a, han close ngaihna a awm der lo thin ani. A “Lock” chhan emaw thui leh mumal hmel deuhvin a in ziak a, computer hman duh chuan pawisa pek a ngaih thu a inziak tel thin.

 Ransomware history :

Sawi tawh angin  ransomware  virus  hi kum 1989 daih tawhah khan siam a ni. Computer a tihbuai hmasak ber chu  kum 1989 a Stockholm  a AIDS conference  an neihna hmuna kalkhawm (participants) computer a ni. Pariticipants   hnena  20K Floppy Diskettes an semna ah  a ruka thawndarh  a ni. Floppy disk computer a an thunluh ve leh  he ransomware virus  hian Computer system file pawimawh awmna ber C: Drive a  khawihbuai nghala, file pawimawh hman theih lohvin a lock nghal thin AIDS conference na hmuna  thawndarh anih vangin AIDS Trojan tiin a hming an phuah nghe nghe. Tuna  ransomware –Wannacry nen ang em em hi  chu ti lutukin an ngai pawimawh lem lo.

 Ransomware  hmang hian criminal te chuan Kum 1989  khan  computer hmangtu  tam tak hnenah  Software hmangtu  license   tawp  angin message an thawn  a, an software  hman theih lohin an lock sak hmiah a,  an hman leh theih nan PC Cyborg Corporation ah US$189 (Rs 12285)  pe turin  message an thawn nghal a ni.

Khawvelin tunlaia ransomware  a buaipui ber , WannaCry ransomware  rawn irhchhuahna bul ber  chu kum 2013 a hmuhchhuah cryptographic algorithm khirh tak mai hmanga data leh system file lock thei  CryptoLocker an tih hi a ni. Tahla lian tak hmanga kawngkhar kal hang deuh hian computer file leh data pawimawh an  kalh hmiah mai thin. A hawnna chahbi (decryption key) lei nan pawisa an phut thin..

 Tunlai a Ransomware Messages langsar zual te:

“Your personal files are encrypted”

“Your computer has been locked”

“FBI Online Agent has blocked your computer for a security reason”

“You became victim of the PETYA RANSOMWARE!”

“WARNING! Your personal files are encrypted”

“YOUR FILE HAS BEEN LOCKED”

Ransomware  in a tihbuai langsar te :

CNN in a report danin Mithiam te chuan  Ransomware  hi   khawvel a  cyber  crime  history ah chuan a lian ber a ni.   Ransomware in a bitum lian ber pakhat chu Microsoft Windows Operating system ( Windows XP leh  Windows 2003 ) a ni. Heng te hi  khawvel hmun hrang  hrang mi maktaduai telin kan la hman, mahse Version thar  tam tak zawk a chhuahtawh avanga microsoft ten an  hluihlawn leh enkawl zui tawh loh te a ni. Heng te hi ransomware  chuan a rawn bitum ta ngat mai reng a. Hetiang anih avang hian Microsoft chuan   update software an siamchhuak nghal a.  Microsoft chuan  sorkar tan ralkhel dar vuak  ngei ngei na tur a ni an ti hmiah mai. 

Nikum 2016 January leh may  thla inkarah ringawt khan ransomware families 50 lai mai  hmuh belh a ni .Ransomware  76%  te hi spam atanga thehdarh a ni. Ransomware  59%  te hi  email attachment  leh  embedded URLs atanga thehdarh a ni.FBI in a chhut dan chuan  darkar tin hian  khawvel hmun hrang hranga computer  4,000 zet mai hi ransomware in a tibuai mek.FedEx, Britain’s National Health Service leh  Russian Interior Ministry te hi a tihbuai nasat ber ber te an ni.

Ransomware  in pawisa  pe tura a tih te hi chawhrualin Rs 19500  atanga  Rs 39000 vel a ni thin.Tunlai hian Ransomware  hian sumdawng te a target ber a, tunah hian  email  siamtu ( webmail providers)  a bitum leh mek a ni.US President  Trump a khan  cybersecurity order a tihchhuah hnu lawkah  ramsomware hian US sorkar computer pawimawh a lock nghal. Hetih lai hian US government  systems te a tihbuai loh thu an sawi  thung. Khawvela antivirus  lar tak mai Kasperkey Lab.  hriat theih chinah  dan chuan  ram hrang hrang 100 chuang ah  computer 45,000 zet a khawih buaia. Tin, Antivrus  kan hman lar tak mai Avast  pawhin  ram hrang hrang 99 ah  computer 57,000 zet a khawih chingpen  thu an report bawk. Heng zingah hian Russia, Ukraine, Taiwan, Reuters e.t.c te chu a tuar nasa te an ni.

India pawh Gujarat  sorkar computer 120  te, West Midnapore - Belda, Datan, Narayangarh leh Keshiyari te, Balurghat  Bengal's South Dinajpur  power pekchhuahna  computer te  ramsomware hian a tibuai mek bawk. kumin 2017 march thla atang khan  Security  a  update nghal  tih Union Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad  chuan a sawi nghe nghe bawk.  China ah government agencies leh  schools tiamin 30,000 institutions  a khawi buai bawk.

WannaCry ransomware laka inven theih dan:

1.       Windows security patch MS17-010 hi install chuan computer a alo luttur a veng thei a. Windows automatic a update lo te tan https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms17-010.aspx atang hian he security patch hi download theih in a awm a, download zawh ah install mai tur a ni.

2.       Firewall atangin port 139, 445 leh 3389 te block tur.

3.       Mi i hriat ngailoh hnen atanga eimail i dawn emaw, company i hriat ngailoh hnen atanga email i dawn emaw in attachment hawng suh.

4.       SMB disable rawh. Hei hi windows features atangin a disable theih a ni.

5.       I web browser ah pop-up block rawh. Hei hi browser setting ah set theih a ni emaw install theih a ni.

6.       Windows security update thar ber install thin ang che.

7.       Antivirus tha tak hmang la, update tha ang che.

I file pawimawh zualte external hard dik ah emaw, pendrive ah emaw DVD/CD ah te backup thin rawh

Ransomware bakah  internet leh mobile hmangtu te tibuai thei langsarzual han tarlang leh lawk ang hmiang

Adware: Hei  hi computer tana thil hlauhawm em em nilo mah se, a hmangtu tan thil ninawm anih avang leh malware siam tute tan computer attack theihna anih avangin thil hlauhawm ve thawkhat chu ani. Free Software (Shareware) kan tih te hian Advertisement a keng tel thin a, tunlaia Android leh Apple iOS-a Free app tamtak hian an kengtel thin ani.Hetiang Free Software ho hi chung advertisement vanga “Free” thei annih vangin Adware chu an tello thei lo ani. Entirnan, tunlaia Free Anti-Virus lar ve tak, AVG Free ah pawh hian Adware a tel ve a, a hnuaia a lan dan ang hian, advertisement lai hi amahin a in thlak vel reng thin.

Spyware: Hetiang hi chu Adware ang tho anni a, mahse advertisement mai bakah thiltih theih dang annei a, chu chu a hmangtu information lakkhawm a, chumi hmanga “Targeted Advertising” an tih, a hmangtu a zira advertisement link dah ani. Website hran hran kan han browse hian, kan thil en lai leh website tlawh zing deuh te, shopping website-a kan thil en etc. te alo chhinchhiah a, chumi hmang chuan kan thil duhzawng leh chakzawng awm deuh a hrethiam a, site dang kan tlawh zel pawhin kan duhzawng awm tak tak chauh advertisement alo tilang thin ani.Hacker ho hian Spyware hi an hmang tangkai thiam em em a, heng “Targeted Advertisement” hmang hian miin an chhiar chak deuh leh tui lam tak tur link an website kalna apiangah anlo dah a, mahse chutiang link chuan hmun dang daihah hruaiin, an computer-a vulnerability exploit tumin an bei ta thin ani.

Keylogger : Hei hi chu a hming chawi ang hian, mi keystroke (keyboard-a kan thil type engkim) alo chhinchhiah-a, file-ah emaw chhiar theihin a dah (Save) ru thin ani. Hemi hmang hian miin Encryption emaw password maksak deuh pawh lo hmang ta se, chumi password an type laia an keystroke a hriattheih avangin awlsam tein chumi password chu a hriat theih mai thin ani. A aia ril zawka han luh dawn chuan, chhiar tur tamtak a awm a, keylogger chuan computer Operating System (Windows) leh Hardware (Keyboard) an inbiakna lo ngaihthla anih avangin, hardware leh software keylogger a awm

Kan inven fimkhurna tur te :

1.       Mobile leh internetah kan hriat chian loh website leh advertisement link click loh emaw, thawndarh loh tur

2.       Software  pirated copy  hman loh hram hram tur.

3.       Mobile leh computer software te a hun takah update thin tur

4.       Kan data pawimawh te  hun bi nei taka  Pendrive leh  Cloud  ah backup thin tur.

5.       A  nazawng a internet  online loh  tur.

6.       E mail  regular taka chek a, message tul lo delete zel tur. Tin, hriatchian loh message emaw, attachment hawn loh tur.

7.       Mobile hmangtu ten  data pawimawh  te regular taka backup  thin tur.

8.       Social media ah  kan hriat chian loh midang thawndarh mai mai loh tur

 Website visitors ten Website hrang hrang  kan  luh laia keimahni click ni miah lo va  Computer screen a thuziak rawn lang ve   "pop-up Message " ang hian a rawn lang a Kan computer-a  Virus (Malware) paih bo tum ang takin  “Clean Now” “Remove all threats " tih  thu te a rawn ziak thin.  Hetiang han hmuh hi chuan mi tam tak tak chuan  awih loh a har si a, an thu zawm  a awl tak zet a ni. An thu zawm a han click veleh malware te chu tifai awmang takin engemaw chen a hnu ah  pawisa a rawn dil thin. Online transaction hmangin mi Credit Card emaw atangin pawisa a lak mai bakah an Card information a ru thin a, chumi information chu thil dang atan ahman turin a  khawlkhawm thin bawk a ni.

Tunlaiah  internet  hmangtu te khawvelah kan pung chho zel a, ransomware hi chu  virus chi khat  a ni maia, Virus dang  hlauhawm tak tak a atam em em mai sia . Heivang hian cyber  crime  tuartu kan ni thei vek tih hria ila.  fimkhur tlang ang u khai.